ADUMBRATIO LEXICI ANGLI ET LATINI

 

 

Articulorum pars prior iuxta argumenta hic ordinata est.  Haec argumenta quibusdam scribendi compendiis indicavi, puta .acsr (accessories), .anml (animals), ita ante lemmata interpositis ut vocabula more informatico sponte ordinari possent.  Delebuntur postea huiusmodi litterae compendiariae lemmataque omnia secundum alphabetum, ut fieri solet, ordinabuntur.

 

Quae anglice scripta sunt, ad lexici lectores spectant; quae latine, ad vos tantum.  Quae signum < nonnullis  in articulis sequuntur commentaria quaedam sunt, quibus exponitur cur hanc vel illam interpretationem latinam praeferendam censuerim.  Interpretamenta latina quae post signum < relegavi eiusmodi fere sunt quae nobis accipienda non putarim, digna tamen quae notarentur.  Auctorum recentiorum indicem in calce videte; multo plures mihi sunt recensendi.

 

De forma ac ordine articulorum adhuc haereo; quaeso hanc rem pensitetis.  Nondum addidi symbolas vestras; scio me quaedam vocabula hic tractasse quae iam a vobis tractata sunt; curabo posthac haec omnia unum in corpus redigenda.

 

 

symbols and abbreviations

 

+  medieval word (first found 700-1400)

*  modern word (first found since 1400)

Parentheses surrounding the above two symbols indicate that the word itself is ancient, but the meaning is first found in the medieval or modern period.  Certainty about the first appearance of post-ancient Latin words is impossible; our indications are based on consultation of certain dictionaries (see preface) and a number of primary sources.

 

Alb.  Sigrid Albert

Anc. Gr.  Ancient Greek

Byz. Gr.  Byzantine Greek

EB  Encyclopedia Britannica

eccl.  ecclesiastical

Eg.  Carlo Egger

EL  European languages

Forc.  Forcellini

Helf.  Helfer

Lev.  Levine, Latin Dictionary (1967)

LRL  Lexicon Recentioris Latinitatis (Vatican)

LS  Lewis and Short

Mod. Gr.  Modern Greek

MLBS  Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources

OED  Oxford English Dictionary

OLD  Oxford Latin Dictionary

PW  Pauly-Wissova, Real-encyclopädie

s.v.  sub voce (under the entry)

ThLG  Stephanus, Thesaurus Linguae Graecae

ThLL  Thesaurus Linguae Latinae

WC  WorldCat database

 

 

.acsr glove, mitten  chīrothźca, ae+ f. (Latham; Niermeyer; Hoven citing Erasmus and Vives)   <  Digitabulum, semel usurpatum: "quae [olea] manu stricta, melior ea quae digitis nudis, quam illa quae cum digitabulis [legis]" (Varr. R.R. 1, 55, 1).  OLD: "a finger-stall."  ThLL: "digitabulum ... i.q. digitale: Varr. Rust. 1, 55, 1 ..."  ThLL: "digitale, is  Gloss. -e daktulhqra h basanoV ... -ium musculorum, fingirdoccana (anglosax.) ... [it. ditale, francog. dé, hisp. dedal.  M.-L.]."  Vocabula illa vernacula idem sonant ac thimble, finger-stall.  ||  Latham s.v. chirotheca: "c. distincta per digitos c. 1330."

.acsr boot  (covering all or much of lower leg)  ocrea, ae f. (Erasmus, Holberg, etc.; in antiquity of leggings), caliga, ae f. (Ducrue 254: "antequam in atrium ingrederentur, omnem semper vestem, quin vel ipsas caligas deponere iubebantur");  (sturdy shoe, as hiking boot, work-boot)  pero, ōnis m.

.acsr bow-tie  ? nodus collaris, ? papilio collaris

.acsr briefcase, attaché case  chartophylacium, i* n. (Anc. Gr.)

.acsr glasses  ocularia vitrea (n. pl.), ocularia, ium* n. pl. (Petrarch), conspicilla, orum (*) (Erasmus)

.acrs glove, mitten  chīrothźca, ae+ f. (Latham; Niermeyer; Hoven citing Erasmus and Vives)   <  Glove and mitten may be distinguished, when necessary, as chirotheca distincta (v. digitata) and chirotheca continua respectively.  ||  Digitabulum, semel usurpatum: "quae [olea] manu stricta, melior ea quae digitis nudis, quam illa quae cum digitabulis [legis]" (Varr. R.R. 1, 55, 1).  OLD: "a finger-stall."  ThLL: "digitabulum ... i.q. digitale: Varr. Rust. 1, 55, 1 ..."  ThLL: "digitale, is  Gloss. -e daktulhqra h basanoV ... -ium musculorum, fingirdoccana (anglosax.) ... [it. ditale, francog. dé, hisp. dedal.  M.-L.]."  Vocabula illa vernacula idem sonant ac thimble, finger-stall.  ||  Latham s.v. chirotheca: "c. distincta per digitos c. 1330."

.acsr handkerchief  sudariolum, i n. (Eg. L.D.I. 104), mūcinium, i n.

.acsr purse  perula, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 16), crumźna, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 16)

.acsr sandal  solea, ae f., crepida, ae f.

.acsr scarf, muffler  fōcāle, is n. (Goelzer s.v. foulard), fascia collaris, amictorium (collare)

.acsr shoe: boot  (covering all or much of lower leg)  ocrea, ae f. (+) (Latham; Erasmus; Holberg, etc.; in antiquity of leggings), ? caliga, ae f. (Ducrue 254: "antequam in atrium ingrederentur, omnem semper vestem, quin vel ipsas caligas deponere iubebantur");  (sturdy shoe, as hiking boot, work-boot)  pero, ōnis m.

.acsr shoe: sneaker, tennis shoe, athletic shoe  calceus campester (v. gymnicus v. athlźticus)

.acsr shoe-lace  corrigia, ae f.

.acsr shoe-store  calcearia, ae f. (Eg. L.D.I. 105)

.acsr tie, neck-tie  ? fascia Croatica  < Fōcāle (Helfer); fascia Croata (LRL).  ||  fascia Croat(ic)a.  Nescio an competat, siquidem fasciis res obstringi vel obligari solent.  OED s.v. cravat: "It came into vogue in France in the 17th c. in imitation of the linen scarf worn round their necks by the Croatian mercenaries. When first introduced it was of lace or linen, or of muslin edged with lace, and tied in a bow with long flowing ends, and much attention was bestowed upon it as an ornamental accessory."

.acsr wallet, billfold  thźca nummorum

.adm aide  (e.g., congressional)  accensus, i m.

.adm bureaucracy, red-tape  contorti publicorum officiorum anfractūs (Eg. D.L. 55) )

.adm cabinet  (government)  consistorium, i n., consilium administrorum rei publicae regendae (Eg. D.L. 46), consilium administrorum civitati regendae (Eg. S.L. 9)

.adm commission  consilium, i n. (Eg. S.L. 30)

.adm commissioner ?  commissarius, i m. (Ducrue 243, of some public official)

.adm minister -- U.S. federal departments: Agriculture, Commerce, Defense, Education, Energy, Health and Human Services, Homeland Security, Housing and Urban Development, Interior, Justice, Labor, State, Transportation, Treasury, and Veterans Affairs.  In U.K., after the office of prime minister, the chief posts are: secretary of state for foreign and commonwealth affairs; chancellor of the exchequer, who deals with public finance; secretary of state for home affairs; and the lord high chancellor, who is concerned with the courts of justice.

.adm minister of economic affairs, (US) secretary of commerce  administer ab oeconomicis negotiis (Eg. D.L. 30)

.adm minister of environmental affairs  administer a re oecologica* (Eg. S.L. 33)  < administer naturali ambitui tutando praepositus(Eg. S.L. 90)

.adm minister of foreign affairs, foreign minister, (US) secretary of state  administer exteris negotiis praepositus (Eg. D.L. 23), administer ab exteris negotiis (Eg. D.L. 46)

.adm minister of public health (or public welfare), (US) secretary of health and human services  Administer a salute publica (Eg. D.L. 47; Eg. S.L. 88)

.adm minister of the interior  minister rerum internarum (cf. Pharm. Austr. vii: "ministerium rerum internarum," of interior ministry of Austrio-Hungarian government)

.adm minister of the judiciary, (US) attorney general  administer a rebus iudiciariis (Eg. D.L. 44)

.adm minister, (US) secretary  (government)  minister publicus, rei publicae administer (Eg. S.L. 103), civitatis administer (Eg. D.L. 58), administer rei publicae regendae (Eg. S.L. 9)

.adm minister: (US) secretary of the treasury, (Br.) chancellor of the exchequer, finance minister  aerarii praefectus, administer rei nummariae praepositus (Eg. R.A. 99)

.adm minister: (US, Br.) attorney general

.adm minister: prime minister  minister (publicus) primarius, primarius administer (Eg. R.A. 54: "primarius Italiae administer"), praeses consilii administrorum rei publicae (Eg. D.L. 7), princeps consilii administrorum rei publicae regendae (Eg. D.L. 46), princeps administrorum rei publicae moderandae (Eg. S.L. 83)

.adm official: public official  subst.  accensus, i, m., apparitor, ōris m. (Eg. D.L. 10; Eg. S.L. 52)

.adm president  (of nation)  praeses (Eg. D.L. 8);  (of university)  rector (universitatis v. acadźmicus), Rector Magnificus (Eg. D.L. 26)

.adm vice-president  praesidis vicarius (Eg. S.L. 37)

.adm viceroy  prorex (Ducrue 247 et passim)

.alch alcohol  (ethanol, ethyl alcohol, intoxicating element in alcoholic drinks)  spiritus vini (Pharm. Austr. xxiv et passim), alcohol vini, alcohol, is+ n. (Pharm. Austr. 24: "alcohol absolutus");  (general category of compounds, including ethanol, methanol, etc.)  alcohol, is+ n. (Reiss, Johannes Clemens, De aromaticis quibusdam alcoholis isobutylici derivatis  dissertatio inauguralis, Berolini 1879)  < OED s.v. alcohol, sense 3: "By extension to fluids of the idea of sublimation: An essence, quintessence, or ‘spirit,’ obtained by distillation or ‘rectification’; as alcohol of wine, essence or spirit of wine. Obs.  [Libavius Alchymia (1594) has vini alcohol vel vinum alcalisatum a mispr. or perhaps misconception for alcolizatum, see alcoholizated; Johnson Lex. Chym. (1657) 13, Alcohol vini, quando omnis superfluitas vini a vino separatur, ita ut accensum ardeat donec totum consumatur, nihilque fęcum aut phlegmatis in fundo remaneat.]  1706 Phillips, Alcahol or Alcool, the pure Substance of anything separated from the more Gross. It is more especially taken for a most subtil and highly refined Powder, and sometimes for a very pure Spirit: Thus the highest rectified Spirit of Wine is called Alcohol Vini."  ||  OED s.v. ethyl: "1869 ROSCOE Elem. Chem. 310 *Ethyl alcohol, known as spirits of wine."  ||  WC: 3 titles with genitive "alcoholis"; no evidence of "alcoholum, i."

.alch alcoholic  (addicited to alcoholic drinks)  ebriosus, a, um (LS: "addicted to drunkenness"), (insane v. morbose) temeto deditus, alcoholomanźs, is* m.

.alch alcoholic  (containing alcohol)  alcoholicus, a, um*, spirituosus, a, um (Pharm. Austr. 355: "spiritus vini cognac: liquor alcoholicus destillatione e vino obtentus ... sit limpidus, coloris flavi aut fusco-flavi, odoris et saporis suaviter peculiaris spirtuosi ... partes eius 100 contineant partes voluminis 44-48 ... alcoholis"; ibid. 397: "vinum album ... contineat in 100 partibus voluminis 8-10 partes alcoholis"; ibid. passim: "solutio spirituosa," a solution in alcohol)

.alch alcoholic beverage  [see also liquor]  temźtum, i n., ebriāmen, inis n. (Tert. de Jejun. 9), potio inebrians, potio alcoholica* (Eg. S.L. 96)  < The term ebriāmen might be used of all intoxicating substances.  < On use of inebriare, see Maximus Tyrius; cf. Herod. 4, 75

.alch liquor, distilled alcoholic beverage  aqua vitae, spiritus ardens (William Robson, De effectibus vini et spiritus ardentis in corpus humanum, Edinburgi 1803), temźtum distillatum, ? aqua fortis (Bonon. Acad. I, 66)  < potio valida (Eg. S.L. 107; Eg. D.L. 13: valida potio gentianina)

.alch1 anisette, pastis, ouzo  aqua vitae anīsāta*, anīsātum, i* n.  < For the formation, cf. coriandratum.

.alch1 beer: brew beer  cervisiam braxare+, cervisiam coquere (Eg. S.L. 61)

.alch1 brandy  vinum adustum, (vinum) crematum

.alch1 champagne  (from Champagne, region in France)  vinum Campanense (Eg. D.L. 32);  (any sparkling wine)  vinum spumans (Pharm. Helv. [1907] xiv)

.alch1 chartreuse  (liqueur)  aqua vitae Cartusiāna

.alch1 cognac  vinum adustum Connacense, (vinum v. crematum) Connacense [see also brandy]  < For Connacense alone, with vinum understood, cf. Falernum.  Valida potio Conniacensis (Eg. L.D.I. 106), cóniacum (Helfer).

.alch1 gin  aqua vitae iuniperata*, iuniperātum, i* n.  < For the formation of iuniperātum, cf. coriandratum.

.alch1 retsina  (sort of Greek wine)  vinum resinā conditum (Cels. 4, 5, 29)

.alch1 sherry  vinum Xeresanum (cf. urbs Xeresana, Ducrue 245, of the city of Jerez)

.alch1 vodka  vodca, ae* f., aqua vitae Russica

.alch1 whisky  vischium, i* n. (Eg. R.A. 21), aqua vitae Celtica (v. Hibernica v. Scotica)

.alch1 wine: new wine  vinum hornum (Eg. S.L. 99)

.anml baboon  cynocephalus, i m. (Cic.; Plin.; Eg. S.L. 80)

.anml dog: guard-dog  canis vigilax (Eg. S.L. 61)

.anml dog: sled-dog  canis traharius

.anml flamingo  phoenīcopterus, i m.

.anml giraffe  camźlopardalis, is f. 

.anml insect  insectum, i n., bestiola, ae f., animalculum, i (Hoven, "small animal"; this sense, Ducrue 251: "quod lecti et vestes pediculis at aliis animalculis scateant")

.anml insecticide  venenum insectis internecivum (Eg. S.L. 84)

.anml leopard  leopardus, i m. (Eg. L.D.I. 109)

.anml mammoth   mammūthus, i* (scientific name), elephantus primigenius (scientific name; Eg. D.L. 50)

.anml parrot  psittacus, i m.

.anml penguin  pinguīnus, i* m., spheniscus, i* m.  < aptenodytes (Eg. D.L. 25).  Pinguinus was the scientific name of a similar actic bird, extinct since the early 1800s; its vernacular names (penguin, pinguino, pigouin, etc.) were transfered to the antarctic bird. 

.anml polar bear  ursus albus (Eg. S.L. 44; cf. Eg. L.D.I. 109: "ursi albo pilo, qui regiones incolunt glaciales")

.anml rattlesnake  serpens sistrifer (v. crotalophorus)

.anml seal  phōca, ae f., vitula marina

.anml shellfish  conchylium, i n., concha, ae f., testaceum i n. (Plin. 32, 58; Bonon. Acad. I, 72: "marina quaedam testacea")

.arab emirate  phylarchia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 30)

.arab Islam  fides (v. lex) Mahometana (v. islamica*), islāmum, i* n., islamismus, i* m. (Eg. S.L. 82)

.arab mosque  templum Mahometanum, templum islamicum ((Eg. R.A. 144), meschīta, ae+ f. (Niermeyer; Eg. D.L. 33; Eg. R.A. 144)

.arab Muslim, Moslem  subst.  Mahometānus, i m. (Eg. D.L. 10; Eg. S.L. 64: "Mahometanam profitetur religionem"), Muslimus, i m. (Eg. D.L. 19; Eg. S.L. 41)

.arab Muslim, Moslem, Islamic  adj.  islamicus, a, um* (Eg. D.L. 39; Eg. S.L. 55)

.arab Shiite  Siita, ae m. (Eg. D.L. 39)

.art mural-painter  pictor parietarius (Edict. Diocl. p. 19)

.art ogive window (with pointed Gothic arch)  fenestra in acutum fastigata (Eg. R.A. 51)

.astr black hole

.astr galaxy  galaxias, ae m. (Eg. D.L. 20)

.astr light-year  leuca siderea (v. sideralis), lucis iter annuum  < annus luce mensus (Eg. D.L. 20)

.astr meteor, shooting star  bolis, idis f. (Plin. 2, 96), sidus deciduum (Plin. 2, 28), fax caeli (Lucr.), fax caelestis (Cic.; both terms also of comets), meteorolithus* (LRL)

.astr meteorite, meteoroid

.astr Milky Way  via lactea (Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 4, 9), galaxias noster (Eg. D.L. 20)

.astr observatory  specula, ae f. (Gauss VI, 27), observatorium, i n. (Gauss VI, 27)

.astr observatory (astronomical)  specula astronomica (Eg. D.L. 18)  < turris speculatoria (Eg. S.L. 78)

.astr orbit   subst.  orbita, ae f. (Sen. Q.N. 7, 10, 2: "lunaris illa orbita"; Eg. S.L. 13; Eg. S.L. 65: "duo enim satellites artificiosi ... rectam orbitam ingredi non valuerunt");  vb.  gyros peragere (Eg. D.L. 48: "officina sideralis ... gyros peragere desiit atque ad terram decidit"), orbem conficere (Eg. S.L. 14: "Columbia ... circum terram duodecies et centies orbem suum confecit")

.astr planet  stella errans (v. erratica v. erro), sidus errans, planźta, ae m.

.astr planet: Jupiter (planet)  stella Iovialis (Eg. D.L. 18; Eg. S.L. 52), Iuppiter, Iovis m.

.astr planet: Mars

.astr planet: Mercury

.astr planet: Neptune

.astr planet: Pluto

.astr planet: Saturn  (planet)  Sāturni stella, Sāturnia stella, Sāturnus, i m.

.astr planet: Uranus

.astr planet: Venus  (planet)  Venus, stella Veneris (Eg. D.L. 52)

.astr solar energy  vis solaris (Eg. D.L. 34)

.astr solar system  stellarum ordo solaris (Eg. S.L. 51)

.ball ball-player  sphaerista, ae m. (Eg. D.L. 52, of soccer player), pilicrepa, ae m. (Eg. S.L. 15)

.ball baseball  pila stationāria, basķpila, ae f. (LRL)

.ball basketball  follis canistrarius (cf. LRL: canistrifollis, follis canistrique ludus)  < Ludus bascaudarius (Helf.) and follis bascaudarius (Alb. Imag.) appear to be based on an obsolete etymology deriving basket from the rare Latin word bascauda; in fact, bascauda is not a basket, but a scallop-shaped basin of bronze or silver, used for washing dishes (Hilgers 120; see OED s.v. basket)  ||  Ludus bascaudarius (Helf. citing Soc. Lat.), follis bascaudarius (Alb. Imag.); canistripila, canistrifollis, pilae (v. follis) canistrique ludus (LRL)  ||  "Bascauda" nec "canistrum" significat (potius "ahenum," "pelvim"), nec cognationem cum vocabulo Anglico "basket" habet, teste OED.  Hoc apud Forcellinum: "bascauda, ae, f., catinus, conca, vas Anglicum, in quo calices et cacabus lavabantur."  LS soli, inter lexicographos quos consului, illius "basket" mentionem faciunt, fisi scilicet etymologiae obsoletae ("prob. a delicately woven mat, or dish-holder of basket-work").  Hilgers 120: "muschelförmige Wanne, tiefe Schüssel ... ein Gefäss zum Geschirrspülen."  ||  EL: pallacanestro, kalaqosfaira

.ball cricket  pila clavāria (17th cent., of similar game)

.ball croquet  pila et malleum (Mercurialis 220)  < Mercurialis 220: "His dissimilem formam habet exercitationis illud genus, quod, non multis abhinc annis in Regno Neapolitano inventum, hodieque in universa fere Europa usitatum, apud Italos pilam et malleum [pallamaglio] vocant.  In hoc etenim primo brachia et dorsum exercentur, quando malleis ligneis pilam ligneam longe pellere coguntur ... quamquam aliquis antiquos etiam hac exercitatione non caruisse contendat, cum apud Avicennam inter ceteras exercitationes unum nominetur quod virgis retortis dictis alsulegian cum pila magna aut parva lignea efficiebatur, quas condiciones apprime nostra [sic] pilamalleo convenire unusquique videt, nisi alias tacuerit Avicenna, quod suo tempore notissimae essent."  Pila et malleum (or pilamalleum) here is clearly the Italian pallamaglio ("pall-mall, the old form of the game of croquet," Hoare, Italian Dictionary), very popular in the 16th and 17th centuries.

.ball golf  pila Caledonica (v. Scotica)

.ball hockey: ice-hockey  < alsulegia glacialis (Helfer; Albert I.V.), ludus pilae malleique super glaciem (Eg. D.L. 15), pilamalleum super glaciem (Eg. S.L. 67)  ||  Alsulegian or alsulegiam (not a Latin accusative form) appears to be found only in Mercurialis, De Arte gymnastica (1577), 220 and 365; Mercurialis mentions it as an Arabic word meaning virgae retortae ("turned-back sticks"), used by Avicenna in his description of a game that Mercurialis believes may be similar to pall-mall, the early version of croquet.  Mercurialis 220: "His dissimilem formam habet exercitationis illud genus, quod, non multis abhinc annis in Regno Neapolitano inventum, hodieque in universa fere Europa usitatum, apud Italos pilam et malleum [pallamaglio] vocant ... quamquam aliquis antiquos etiam hac exercitatione non caruisse contendat, cum apud Avicennam inter ceteras exercitationes unum nominetur quod virgis retortis dictis alsulegian cum pila magna aut parva lignea efficiebatur, quas condiciones apprime nostra [sic] pilamalleo convenire unusquique videt, nisi alias tacuerit Avicenna, quod suo tempore notissimae essent."  Mercurialis 365: "Hoc fortasse exercitationis genus intellexit Avicenna, quando dixit: Et ludere cum virgis retortis dictis alsulegiam cum pila magna, aut parva lignea."

.ball pelota, jai alai  pila Vasconica

.ball soccer (US), football (Brit.)  pediludium, i n. (Eg. S.L. 9), ludus follis pedumque (Eg. S.L. 9);  soccer game  certamen folle pedibusque ludentium (Eg. D.L. 52)  < adj. pediludiarius (Eg. S.L. 9)

.ball soccer/football: defender, fullback  defensor, oris m. (Eg. S.L. 17)

.ball soccer/football: forward, lineman  oppugnator, ōris m. (Eg. S.L. 17)

.ball soccer/football: goal (soccer, hockey), goalposts (football)  porta, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 15)

.ball soccer/football: goal-line  terminus ... ?

.ball soccer/football: make a goal, score a goal  follem in portam ingerere (Eg. S.L. 16

.ball soccer/football: midfielders, halfbacks  acies media (Eg. S.L. 17)

.ball soccer/football: quarterback  lusor cardinalis ?

.ball soccer/football: touchdown  terminum attingere ?

.ball soccer: goalkeeper, goalie  portarius, i m. (Albert), portae custos (Eg. S.L. 17)

.bathr outhouse  postīcum, i n. (Lucil. ap. Non. 217, 20), casula necessaria (cf. Ducange s.v. necessaria: "loca necessaria," "domus necessaria," "aedificium necessariorum")

.bio breed  subst.  seminium, i n. (Varr.; Lucr.)

.bio cell (biology)  cellula (Pharm. Austr. 191)

.bio clone  clōn, clōnis* m., clōnium, i* n.

.bio creationism

.bio DNA

.bio evolution  generum animantium evolutio (v. explicatio)

.bio evolution: theory of evolution

.bio fossil  vestigium fossile;  shellfish fossils  fossilia testacea (Bonon. Acad. I, 72)

.bio gene  nota genetica (Eg. S.L. 80)  < genum (Helfer)

.bio genome

.bio microorganism, microbe, germ [see also bacteria]  < microorganismus (Pharm. Austr. xxvii)

.bio organic  < organicus* (Eg. S.L. 104: "virus [HIV] sanguine vel aliis liquoribus organicis transmittitur")

.bmb atom bomb  pyrobolus* atomicus* (Eg. D.L. 27)

.bmb bomb  subst.  pyrobolus, i* m. (Anc. Gr.; Bonon. Acad. I, p. 291; Eg. D.L. 24; Eg. R.A. 117);  v.t.  pyrobolis* verberare (Eg. D.L. 59: "bellicae aeronaves Bagdatum ... aliasque hostium urbes verberarunt"; Eg. S.L. 8: "dum aeronaves loca pyrobolis verberant"), pyrobolos* deicere (Eg. R.A. 117: "ex aėronavibus Americanis pyroboli sunt deiecti, quibus haec basilica ... est dire verberata")

.boat ferry  navis vectoria (Eg. S.L. 50)

.boat fishing boat  cymba piscatoria (Ducrue 258)

.boat submarine:  nuclear submarine  navigium subaquaneum vi atomicā* actum (Eg. D.L. 28)

.boat yacht  celox (velifera), lembus (velifera), lembus lusorius (Eg. S.L. 18)

.body finger  The special designations: pollex, the thumb; index or salutaris, the forefinger; medius, also infamis and impudicus, the middle finger; minimo proximus or medicinalis, the ring-finger; minimus, the little finger, v. under those words.

.body finger: give (someone) the finger, flick or flip (someone) off  (alicui) medium unguem ostendere (Juv. 10, 53; Erasmus), (alicui) digitum impudīcum ostendere (Mart. 6, 70, 5)   < Juv. 10, 53: "cum Fortunae ipse minaci mandaret laqueum mediumque ostenderet unguem."

.body optic nerve  nervus opticus (Bonon. Acad. I, 304)

.bthr bathtub  solium (balnei v. balneārium) (see Hilgers 283), labrum (balnei v. balneārium)  < Solium is the term that denotes most precisely the bathtub; its use in this sense is frequent.  Labrum is a much more general term, describing vessels that hold water (tubs, basins, troughs); a modifying word is thus required to make clear the reference to the bathtub.  Solium for "bathtub" appears to be considerably more frequent than labrum in the same sense (see Hilgers 199-200 and 283).  A very rare word for bathtub is pyelus (Helfer): it occurs only once (Plaut. Stich. 4, 568: "ibo latum in pyelum").  Finally, alveus (according to Hilgers 98) is used only once of bathtub in literary texts.  ||  Quod "balnei v. balnearium" scripsi, cf. "balnearum solium" (Plin. 11, 238; Plin. 28, 63 et 183).  Archimedes in "solio" sedebat (Vitr. 9, pref. 10).

.bthr sink (any sink, including kitchen)  labellum, i n. (Eg. D.L. 29), labellum pertūsum (v. emissario praeditum v. abaco infixum v. pariete affixum v. culīnae v. culīnārium), fūsōrium (culīnae v. culīnarium) (fusorium culinae: Pall. 1, 17, 1: Helf. citing Pexenfelder)  < Labrum and its diminutive labellum apply generally to vessels for holding water (tubs, basins, troughs); adjectives or modifying expressions may thus be necessary to render precise the reference to the modern sink, characterized by its drain and by being built into a counter-top or wall.  We have preferred the diminutive, as labrum sometimes refers to a bathtub.  Pelvis, another word meaning "basin," appears less appropriate, since it is used especially of a vessel for washing the feet (Hilgers 249).  The word fusorium in Palladius (the only ancient passage) apparently refers to a kitchen drain, but might aptly be extended to the sink (a semantic shift that occurred in the word sink itself).

.bthr sink (for washing hands: bathroom sink, wash-basin)  trulleum, i n. (Varr.; Non.; see Hilgers 293), malluvium, i n. (Paul. ex Fest.)  < Hilgers 293: trulleus "fängt beim Händewaschen das Wasser auf"; invenitur trulleus hac significatione solum apud Varr., Non., glossaria.  ||  Malluvium glossema est: solum apud Festum et in glossariis.  Paul. ex Fest. (p. 160 Müll.): "malluvium dicitur, quo manus lavuntur."

.bthr toilet (fixture), commode  lįsanum, i n. (Hor. S. 1, 6, 109; Petr. 41, 9; Anth. Lat. 205, 13; see Hilgers 209), sella (necessaria) (for sella in this sense, see Varr. R.R. 1, 13, 4; Scrib. Comp. 193 and 227; for necessaria, cf. Ducange s.v. necessaria: "loca necessaria," "domus necessaria," of restrooms or outhouses)  < Sella familiarica (Helf. citing Varr.), sella pertusa (Helf. citing Cato).  The adjective "familiarica" refers to use by servants (OLD; ThLL); it does not indicate that a cella or sella is a toilet.  Cella familiarica (Vitr. 6, 7, 2): "rooms for the slaves" (trans. M.H. Morgan); "rooms for the servants" (LS); "logement des esclaves" (Callebat Dict. 178).  Sellae familiaricae (Varr. R.R. 1, 13, 4): "privies for servants" (Loeb trans.).  Sella pertusa at Cato 117, 11 (the passage cited by Helfer and apparently the only example of the expression) does not appear to refer to a toilet.  ||  Quod ad lasanum spectat, vide ThLL: "lasanum ... vas alvo exonderandae aptum: [quoting Hor., Petr. 41, 9]; Petron. 47, 5 (loq. Trimalchio) si quid plus (quam crepitus ventris) venit, omnis foras parata sunt: aqua, ~i (Bucheler, lassant trad., -um Scheffer) et cetera minutalia."  ||  Quod ad familiaricus pertinet, vide OLD: "familiaricus ... of or belonging to household slaves" (citing Varr., Vitr., Dig.); ThLL: "familiaricus ... qui ad familiam, i. servos pertinet" (same cites plus Diff. gramm.).  ||  De sella, vide OLD: "sella ... 3 a seat used for the purpose of defecation ... [quoting Varr. 1.13.4] postea per ~as etiam abundantius eundem (sc. cruorem) deiciunt Larg. 193 [Scribonius Largus (early 1st cent.)]; cum desederint ad ~am 227; ~as ante petit Paterclianas Mart. 12.77.9; (cf.) ubi in scutra fervefeceris (lotium) sub ~am supponito pertusam Cato Agr.157.11"; "sellarium ... (app.) a privy.  clariissima quaeque (signa) ... violentia Neronis in urbem convecta et in ~iis domus aureae disposita Plin. Nat. 34.84; 36.111; secessu ... Caprensi etiam ~ia excogitavit, sedem arcanarum libidinum Suet. Tib. 43.1."

.bthr toilet (room), restroom, lavatory  latrīna, ae f. (Plaut.; Suet.), forica, ae f. (public restroom) (Juv.), secessus, ūs m. (Vulg.), necessarium, i+ n. (Latham; Niermeyer; Ducange), locus necessarius (Ducange s.v. necessaria)  < Ducange s.v. necessaria: "loca necessaria ... locus necessa­ri­orum ... domus necessaria ... aedificium necessariorum ... cum necessitate ad publica purgatoria venisset."

.bthr urinal  matella parietālis (v. parieti affixa), ūrīnal, ālis n. (of chamber pot: Gloss. Philox.; Latham)

.car1 odometer  hodometrum, i* n.

.cath breviary  breviarium, i n. (Ducrue 219)

.cath Catholic Church  ecclesia catholica (Eg. D.L. 7)

.cath encyclical (eccl.)  litterae encyclicae (Eg. L.D.I. 127)

.cath mass  missa, ae f., sacrificium, i n., sacrum, i n., missae sacrificium (Ducrue 235), sacra synaxis (Ven. Carm. 8, 17; Ducrue 235: "fere omnes sacra synaxi reficiebantur");  (sung mass, musical work)  missa cantata, missa modis musicis aptata;  Schubert's Mass  missa modis musicis a Schubertio aptata (cf. Hor. C. 2, 12, 4: "bella ... aptari citharae modis")  < missa polyphonica (Eg. S.L. 99)

.cath mass: celebrate mass (of priest)  sacris operari (Ducrue 261; Eg. D.L. 7), divinā hostiā litare (Eg. D.L. 9), divinā hostiā facere (Eg. D.L. 10), eucharisticum sacrificum immolare (Eg. D.L. 11), eucharisticum sacrificum celebrare (Eg. D.L. 43), dominicum celebrare (Eg. D.L. 11), missam dicere (Ducrue 254), missam decantare (Ducrue 255)

.cath mass: hear mass, take communion  sacram synaxim accipere (Ducrue 257)

.cath requiem (mass)  missa defunctorum (Eg. L.D.I. 126), officium defunctorum;  Mozart's Requiem  missa defunctorum a Mozartio modis musicis aptata (cf. Hor. C. 2, 12, 4: "bella ... aptari citharae modis")

.cath rosary  (prayer)  marialium precum series, rosarium, i* n. ((Ducrue 243: "sancto rosario ... beatissimam Matrem nostram publice venerati"; Eg. S.L. 71: "summus pontifex ... decadem precis marialis rosarii ... latine recitavit");  (beads)  sphaerulae precatoriae (Erasmus), rosarium, i* n. (Maigne), sertum globorum (Maigne)

.cath shroud of Turin  sacra sindon (sacrae sindonis) (Eg. S.L. 59)

.cath Swiss Guards (at Vatican)  Pontificia Helvetiorum Cohors (Eg. D.L. 23)

.cath Vatican  (as an area within Rome)  Civitas Vaticana (Eg. R.A. 90);  (as seat of church: Holy See)  Sedes Apostolica (Eg. D.L. 5; Eg. S.L. 68; Eg. R.A. 125: "ne confundatur Civitas Urbis Vaticanae cum Apostolica (vel Sancta) Sede, quae, ut libere agere possit, habet ibi quidem domicilium, sed non est idem")

.cath1 cardinal  subst.  cardinalis, is+ m.; purpuratus pater (Eg. D.L. 7)

.cath1 diocese  dioecesis, is f. (Eg. D.L. 11)

.cath1 parish  paroecia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 11)

.cath1 parish church  templum paroeciale (Eg. D.L. 9)

.cath1 pope  papa, ae m., Summus Pontifex, Pontifex Maximus (Eg. D.L. 20)

.cath1 priest  sacerdos, ōtis m.f., presbyter, eri m. (Christian priest or elder, esp. in early Church) (Eg. R.A. 62

.cath2 Carmelite  (member of religious order)  Carmźlīta (or es), ae m. (friar) (Eg. R.A. 100), Carmźlītis, idis f. (nun)

.cath2 Carthusian  (member of religious order)  Cartusiānus, i m. (Eg. R.A. 66)

.cath2 Dominican  (member of religious order)  frater Dominicalis

.cath2 Franciscan  (member of religious order)  frater Franciscalis (Eg. R.A. 27); Franciscalis, is m. (Eg. R.A. 90); Franciscānus, i m. (Ducrue 226: "patres Franciscani de observantia")

.cath2 Jesuit order, Society of Jesus  Societas Iesu (Ducrue 221; Eg. S.L. 78)

.cath2 monastery, convent  monastźrium, i n. (Aug.), coenobium, i (Hier.)

.cath2 monastery, convent: community of a religious order (whether or not monastic)  collegium, i n. (Erasmus), conventus, ūs m. (Ducrue 263 et passim, of Jesuits, Franciscans, Augustinians), claustrum, i n. (Ducrue 263, of Franciscans)

.cath2 nun  sanctimoniālis, is f. (Aug., Abelard), mónacha, ae f. (Hier.), sacra virgo (Hier., Erasmus), moniālis, is+ f. (Abelard; Corpus Iuris Canonici; Ducrue 246; Eg. S.L. 9)

.cath2 religious order  ordo (religiosus), religio, onis f. (Ducrue 262: "fuit etiam qui illis [Societatis Iesu noviciis] absolutionem negaret eo quod religionem relinquere noluissent")

.cath2 religious order: member of religious order (monk, friar, Jesuit father, etc.)  religiosus, i* m. (Ducrue 222: "excepit fatalia nova optimus pater eo quo religiosum decebat animo")

.cath2 superior  (in religious order)  superior, ōris* m. (Ducrue 222)

.chem alchemy  alchimia, ae+ (Eg. R.A. 88)

.chem alkaline  adj.  alcalinus, a, um* (Pharm. Austr. 3)

.chem alumin(i)um  aluminium, i n. (Pharm. Austr. 28; Eg. D.L. 35)

.chem ammonia  ammonia, ae f. (Pharm. Austr. 6 et passim)

.chem carbon-14: apply carbon-14 dating  aetatem e carbonii quartodecimarii* mensura statuere  < (Eg. S.L. 59: "dicitur aetatem reliquiarum accurate statuere usus oxydo carbonico secundum rationem 14")

.chem chemical  adj.  (Pharm. Austr. x: "medicamina ... arte chemica effecta");  subst.  (chemical sustance)  chemicum, i* n. (Pharm. Nosocom. 28),  praeparatum chemicum* (Pharm. Austr. xi: "cum praeparata chemica, quae usui therapeutico inserviunt, optimae indolis in commercio obveniunt," et passim; Pharm. Helv. [1872] v), materia chźmica* (Eg. S.L. 33)

.chem chemist  chźmicus, i* m. (Eg. S.L. 59)

.chem chemistry  chźmia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 29)  < Chmeia and cumeia are ancient in Greek; cumeia is in Lidell-Scott, but manuscript reading chmeia is noted ("the art of alloying metals, alchemy, Zos.Alch. ap. Syncell. p. 24"; several other authors cited).  Stephanus: "chmeia, h, a Suida exp. h tou argurou kai crusou kataskeuh ... sumpta e Joanne Antiocheno."  Ducange: "Chimia, auri conficiendi ars sacra.")

.chem chloroform  chloroformium, i* n. (Pharm. Austr. 7)

.chem concentrated  ? concentratus, a, um (Pharm. Austr. xxiv)

.chem copper  cyprium, i n., cupr(i)um, i n., aes Cyprium (Eg. D.L. 25)

.chem cyanide  venenum cyanhydricum* (Eg. D.L. 42)

.chem dioxin  dioxynum, i* n. (Eg. S.L. 47)

.chem evaporate  evaporare (Pharm. Austr. 5 et passim)

.chem extract  subst.  extractum, i n. (Pharm. Austr. xvii et passim)

.chem filter  vb.  filtrare  (Pharm. Austr. xxvii et passim)

.chem flourescence  < Mod. Gr. fqorismoV

.chem flourescent light 

.chem formula  formula, ae f. (Pharm. Helv. [1872] iv: "formulas chemicas")

.chem gas  subst.  vapor, ōris m. (Pharm. Austr. xxv et passim; Bonon. Acad. I, 69: "quod contra accidit in marga, creta, aliisque huius generis densioribus, per quae vapores non faile penetrant"), aźr, aėris m., fluidum aėriforme (Pierre Giraud, Dissertatio chemico-medica, de fluidorum aeriformium gas dictorum nova doctrina ad medicinam accommodata, Monspelii 1778), substania aeriformis (Bartal in def. s.v. gasificatio), gas, gasis* n. (Pharm. Austr. 11: "partes 100 acidi hydrochlorici concentrati partes 25 gasis hydrochlorici contineant"; ibid. 15 "gase hydrosulfurato saturatum"; ibid. 30: "partes 10 gasis ammoniae"), gasium, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 28);  adj.  aėrius, a, um, aėriformis, e*, gasicus, a, um* (Eg. L.D.I. 109: "opificium gasicum ... ubi gasium conficitur")  < OED s.v. gas: "A word invented by the Dutch chemist, J. B. Van Helmont (1577-1644), but avowedly based upon the Gr. chaos ('halitum illum Gas vocavi, non longe a Chao veterum secretum.' Ortus Medicinę, ed. 1652, p. 59a) ... 1. An occult principle supposed by Van Helmont to be contained in all bodies, and regarded by him as an ultra-rarefied condition of water (see quot. 1662). Obs. ... 1662 J. CHANDLER Van Helmont's Oriat. 69 Because the water which is brought into a vapour by cold, is of another condition, than a vapour raised by heat: therefore..for want of a name, I have called that vapour, Gas, being not far severed from the Chaos of the Auntients..Gas is a far more subtile or fine thing than a vapour, mist, or distilled Oylinesses, although as yet, it be many times thicker than Air. But Gas it self, materially taken, is water as yet masked with the Ferment of composed Bodies. 1692 tr. Blancard's Phys. Dict. (1693) 99/2 Gas, a term used by Helmont, and signifies a Spirit that will not coagulate, or the Spirit of Life, a Balsom preserving the Body from Corruption."  ||  WC titles: No form of "gasium," but several instances of "gas" invariable: de gas mephitici, seu aeris fixi proprietatibus; de gas mephitico (2 titles); gas oxygenii (2 titles); ad combustionem gas inflammabilis et vitalis; de fluidorum aeriformium gas dictorum nova doctrina; descriptio methodica subtilium fluidorum et elasticorum, quae gas, vel varii aeris nomine hodie veniunt; de effluviis aėriformibus gas dictis; no declined forms "gas, gasis."

.chem helium  hźlium, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 46)

.chem hydrochloric acid  acidum hydrochloricum (Pharm. Austr. 6; Pharm. Helv. [1907] 13)

.chem hydrogen  hydrogenium, i* n. (Pharm. Austr. xii; Eg. D.L. 46)

.chem iodine  iodum (Pharm. Austr. 220 et passim)

.chem ion  iōn, iontis* n.

.chem litmus paper  ? charta exploratoria (Pharm. Austr. 23: "charta exploratoria caerulea aethere acetice ne statim rubefiat"; ibid. 191: "chartam exploratoriam ne mutet")

.chem mercury  argentum vivum (Plin.; Vitr.; Eg. D.L. 19), hydrargyrus, i m. (Plin.; Eg. D.L. 19), mercurius, i+ m. (Eg. S.L. 78)

.chem molecular  moleculāris, e (Gauss V, 32)

.chem molecular weight  pondus moleculāre (Pharm. Austr. xx)

.chem neon  neon, i* n. (Mod. Gr.)  < Eg. S.L. 33: "in titulis officinarum lumine neon fulgentibus."  Mod. Gr. neon (aerion).

.chem neon light  lūmen neō replźtum

.chem nitric acid  acidum nitricum (Pharm. Austr. 13; Pharm. Helv. [1907] 15)

.chem nitroglycerin  nitroglycerinum, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 29)

.chem oxygen  oxygonium, i* n. (Mod. Gr.), oxygenium, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 37);  adj. oxygonicus, a, um*, oxygenicus, a, um* (Eg. D.L. 37)

.chem platinum  platinum, i n. (Eg. D.L. 25);  adj.  platineus (Pharm. Austr. 19: "in lamina platinea")

.chem reaction: chemical reaction  reactio chemica (Pharm. Austr. xiv)

.chem residue (chemical)  residuum, i n. (Pharm. Austr. xxvii)

.chem sediment (chemical)  sedimentum, i n. (Pharm. Austr. 423)

.chem sodium  natrium, i* n., sodium, i* n. (Eg. S.L. 70)

.chem sterilize  < sterilefacere (Pharm. Austr. xxviii)

.chem strychnine  strychninum, i* n. (Pharm. Austr. 357; Eg. S.L. 26)

.chem sulfuric acid  acidum sulfuricum (Pharm. Austr. xxv; Pharm. Helv. [1907] 18)

.chem titanium  titanium, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 56)

.chem uranium  ūranium, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 25; Eg. S.L. 35)

.chem volatile (chem.)  volatilis, e (Pharm. Austr. 5)

.chem water vapor  vapor aqueus (Bonon. Acad. I, 294; Eg. D.L. 20)

.chem zinc  zincum, i* n. (Pharm. Austr. 13; Eg. S.L. 26)

.chin pagoda  pagōda, ae* f. (17th cent.); turris Buddhistica  < templum Buddhisticum (Eg. S.L. 58)

.chld baby bottle  titina, ae f. (Souter citing Soran.; see Hilgers 80), lagoena (v. laguncula) infantilis (v. papillata)  < Soran. p. 43 (quoted in Hilgers): "quod ei [sc. infanti] bibere dabimus?  Aliquando aquam, aliquando vinum aquatius per vasculum vitreum ad similitudinem papillae formatum et pertusum, quod rustici ubuppam appellant aut titinam."

.chld baby-carriage  chīromaxium infantile

.chld diaper  subligar (v. subligaculum) infantile  ||  lagoenula suctoria (Helf. citing Bauer)

.chrc apse  apsis (or absis), is (or īdis) (Paul. Ep. 12; Isid. Orig. 15, 8, 7; Eg. R.A. 11: "amplissimi conclavi in apisda curvati")

.chrc baptistery  baptistźrium, i n.

.chrc basilica  basilica, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 23)

.chrc catacombs  sepulcrźtum subterrāneum (Eg. R.A. 113), coemźtźrium subterrāneum (Eg. R.A. 16, 111: "inde non procul est aditus ad subterraneum coemeterium ('catacumbas') Sancti Callisti ... sed de huius modi sacris cryptis paulo fusius videtur esse tractandum"), catacumbae, arum f. pl. (late ancient inscriptions, of a particular underground cemetery near Rome; 120, 64: "cuius corpus ... e 'catacumbis,' quae dicuntur ... est translatum," 111: "solum saeculo nono ... vocabulum 'catacumbarum,' cuncta coemeteria eius modi significans, in communem consuetudinem abiit")

.chrc cathedral  templum cathedrale (Eg. D.L. 44; "cathedralis," Souter), ecclesia cathedralis (Ducrue 245; Eg. S.L. 9)

.chrc chapel  sacellum, i n. (Eg. R.A. 27), capella, ae+ f., aedicula sacra (Maigne s.v. capella), aedicula, ae f. (Eg. R.A. 27, of chapel along side aisle of large church)

.chrc chaplain  sacellanus, i+ m., capellanus, i+ m.

.chrc cloister  (four-sided colonnaded court-yard, esp. in monastery or convent)  peristylium, i n. (Eg. R.A. 53), peristylium monasticum (Eg. R.A. 116), porticus quadrilatera (Eg. R.A. 37, 52)

.chrc crypt  (of church)  cella subterannea (Eg. R.A. 61), ? crypta, ae f., ? hypogźum templi (v. ecclźsiae)

.chrc narthex  narthex, źcis (*) m. (Eg. R.A. 117), templi (v. ecclźsiae) vestibulum  < Narqhx in Greek has had this meaning since the 3rd century A.D. (see Lidell-Scott; OED).

.chrc nave (of church)  spatium medium (Eg. R.A. 49, 51, 131: "ubi spatium medium iungitur alae transversae")

.chrc pew  subsellium templi (v. ecclźsidae)

.chrc porch (of church or temple, portico)  pronāus (or os), i f. (Vitr.; Eg. R.A. 128: "Petriana basilica patet in longitudinem una cum pronao 218 metra"), porticus, ūs f. (Eg. R.A. 129)

.chrc presbytery (part of church where altar is placed, beyond choir)  presbyterium, i (+) n. (Niermayer; Eg. R.A. 52)

.chrc pulpit  suggestus (sacer) (Erasmus, etc.), pulpitum, i n. (Eg. R.A. 28)

.chrc rose window  (of church) 

.chrc sacristy  sźcrźtārium, i n. (Eg. R.A. 49, 28: "superest ut mentio fiat de veneratissima parva effigie Iesu infantis, quae ad secretarium basilicae asservatur")

.chrc sexton, church custodian  sacellanus, i (Ducrue 232: "bona et claves ecclesiae sacellanus, episcopi nomine, suscepit") 

.chrc side aisle (flanking nave of church)  ala a latere posita (Eg. R.A. 51: "antiquae columnae, quibus spatium medium ab alis a latere positis distinguebantur, solidis pilis cesserunt"; cf. Eg. R.A. 127: "spatium medium [basilicae] et ab utroque latere duae alae columnis marmoreis secernebantur")

.chrc steeple, spire, church tower, campanile  sacra turris (Eg. R.A. 71), templi pinnaculum (Vulg. Matt. 4, 5)

.chrc transept  ala transversa (Eg. R.A. 27);  north transept  ala sinistra ((Eg. R.A. 49), transversa ala sinistra (Eg. R.A. 60);  south transept  ala dextera (Eg. R.A. 52), transversa ala dextera (Eg. R.A. 54)

.chrs baptism  baptisma, atis n., baptismus, i m., sacrum lavācrum (Eg. R.A. 53)

.chrs baptize  baptismo abluere ((Eg. R.A. 144), baptīzāre (Vulg.; Hier.; Aug.)

.chrs Bible  scriptūra sacra (v. dīvīna), litterae sacrae (v. dīvīnae), sacra Biblia n. pl. (Ducrue 255; Eg. L.D.I.  120);  reading of the Bible, Bible study  sacra lectio (Ducrue 255)

.chrs Bible: Vulgate  vulgata bibliorum sacrorum editio (Eg. R.A. 62), editio vulgata (sacrae scripturae)

.chrs Christian  Christiānus, i m., Christicola, ae m. (Prud.; Eg. R.A. 36), Christi fidźlis (or Christifidźlis) (frequent in eccl. documents of 19th and 20th centuries)

.chrs church  (body of believers, congregation)  ecclźsia, ae f.;  (building)  sacra aedes (Eg. S.L. 59), templum, i n. (Ducrue 224, of church of Jesuit mission), ecclźsia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 82)

.chrs council (eccl.), synod  concilium, i n. (Eg. L.D.I. 127: "Concilium Oecūmenicum Vaticanum II"), sżnodus, i f. (Ducrue 231)

.chrs deacon  diaconus, i m.

.chrs eucharist  eucharisticum sacrificum (Eg. D.L. 11)

.chrs faith-healer  thaumaturgus, i* m. (Anc. Gr.)

.chrs flood: the Flood, universal deluge  dilūvium, i n. (Vulg. Gen. 7, 7; Sen. Q. N. 3, 27; Bonon. Acad. I, 68)

.chrs hell  inferi, orum m. pl., infernus, i m. (Vulg.; Ambros.), gehenna, ae f. (Vulg.; Tert.), tartarus, i m. (Eg. R.A. 135)

.chrs mission  (missionary work in a certain region; also, building)  missio, onis f. (Ducrue 219: "missi [sunt] etiam ad alias missionum provincias ministri," 222: "gubernatorem ... ad suam missionem, quae duodecim abhinc horis distabat, adduxit")

.chrs missionary  missionarius, i m. (Ducrue 219: patres missionarii, of Jesuit missionary), missionalis, e (Eg. D.L. 9)

.chrs Mormon  Mormonianus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 45)

.chrs Orthodox Church (Eastern)  Ecclesia orthodoxa (Eg. S.L. 79)

.chrs preach  praedicare (Vulg. Matt. 4, 17 et passim; Eg. L.D.I. 111: "idem nuntius tradebatur seu, ut verbo christiano utar, praedicabatur etiam Romanis doctrinā excultis"), contionari

.chrs preacher  praedicātor, ōris m., contiōnātor (sacer), ecclźsiastźs, ae m. (Erasmus)

.chrs Protestant  Protestans, ntis m. (Eg. R.A. 100), Acatholicus, i* m. (non-Catholic, normally used of Protestants) (Ducrue 262: "non solum nobis summo dolori, sed et omnibus Catholicis, immo et Acatholicis, maximo scandalo fuit," 266: "ab excellentissimo gubernatore civitatis illius [Ostend], licet Acatholico, perhumaniter fuimus excepti");  adj.  Protestanticus, a, um*

.chrs sermon  (sacra) contio (Erasmus, etc.), sermo, ōnis m. (Aug.; Eg. R.A. 117: "verba Augustini, e sermone excerpta quem sollemni die Laurentii ad populum habuit"), tractatus, ūs m. (Aug.)

.chrs win souls for God  animas Deo lucrari (Ducrue 235)

.clth cashmere  lana Casmirica

.cont barrel, cask  cūpa, ae f. (Caes.; Luc.; Comenius O.P. ch. 80; see Hilgers 165)  < Cupa, rather than dolium, is the appropriate name for the barrel or cask.  The cupa of the ancients corresponds precisely to our barrel: a cylindrical wooden container, made of staves bound by hoops (called circuli) (Hilgers 165).  The dolium, on the other hand, was belly-shaped, made usually of clay (occasionally of tin, glass or stone, but never of wood), and enormous: the texts mention dolia with capacities of 100 gallons and more (Hilgers 57-58, 171, 175).  ||  "Die Form [der cupa] ist ziemlich genau unseres Fasses" (Hilgers 165).

.cont barrel: tank, vat  dolium, i n. (see Hilgers 57-58), receptaculum, i n. (Eg. D.L. 35), exceptorium, i n. (Eg. S.L. 33: "exceptorium olei terrigeni"; Eg. S.L. 84: "ex peramplo exceptorio subterraneo ... gasium illud effluxit")  < The dolium, made usually of clay, but occasionally of tin, glass or stone, was the largest container of the ancients: the texts mention dolia with capacities of 100 gallons and more, and Diogenes lived in one (Hilgers 57-58, 171, 175). 

.cont bottle  lagoena, ae f., ampulla, ae f., laguncula, ae f. (Egger S.L. 26, of pill bottle)  < Lagoena is the best general term, and is appropriate for ordinary wine and beer bottles; the ampulla is a bottle with a belly-shaped rather than a cylindrical body; the diminutive laguncula might be applied to a small bottle, as for pills.

.cont bread pan  artopta, ae m.

.cont can (for food or drink)  < vas metallicum (Eg. S.L. 70), vasculum metallicum (Eg. S.L. 96)

.cont can (sealed metal container for food or drink)  pyxis ferrea (v. metallica v. cibaria) (see Hilgers 265-66)  < The "tin" can is actually steel, with a very thin coating of tin or plastic; soft drink cans are aluminum.  Note that ferrum and ferreus refer to steel as well as iron (see PW s.v. Stahl, ser. 2, vol. 3, pt. 2, p. 2126).

.cont can: jar  pyxis vitrea, fidźlia, ae f. (Col.)  < Fidelia is a particularly appropriate term for the sort of jar intended for preserving or "canning"; Columella uses the term several times of a glass or clay vessel with a tight lid, used for preserving fruit (Hilgers 182).  The cadus, a storage vessel of uncertain form, was much larger than the vessels we normally call "jars"; the texts mention capacities in the range of four to nine gallons (Hilgers 42 and 127).

.cont container  vas, vasis n., vasculum, i n., exceptorium  < Vas in the singular refers specifically to an enclosed vessel, a container; but the plura vasa refers much more generally to "implements, gear, bagage, possessions."

.cont cork  (for wine bottle)  obturamentum (subereum v. lagoeni)

.cont cruet (containing oil or vinegar for table)  ampulla, ae f. (small bottle with belly-shaped body) (Lev.)

.cont dish: bowl  acźtabulum, i n. (small bowl; see Hilgers 34 and accompanying figures), paropsis, idis f. (large bowl; see Hilgers 33 and 92), lanx cava (Mart. 11, 31, 19), catīnus cavus (see Hilgers 143), catillus cavus  < Acetabulum and catillus cavus are appropriate for smaller bowls, such as cereal bowls; the other terms for larger bowls, such as soup, serving, or mixing bowls.  Isidore's etymology, associating acetabulum with acetum (20 Orig. 4, 12) is probably fanciful; the texts show that the acetabulum had a great variety of uses; and in no passage (other that of Isidore) is there any mention of vinegar (Hilgers 33-34 and note 166).  As an ancient measure, the acetabulum was about one-fourth cup. ||  Mart. 11, 31, 18-19: "Sic implet gabatas paropsidasque, / et leves scutulas cavasque lances."

.cont dish: dish (serving dish, platter)  lanx, cis f., discus, i m., missorium, i n., patella, ae f., patina, ae f.;  (food served in a dish, certain preparation of food) ferculum, i n., pįtina, ae f. (Cic.; Apic.; see Hilgers 246), patella, ae f. (see Hilgers 240)  < Discus and missorium are late ancient words; patina and patella are used not only of dishes for the table but also of shallow cooking vessels (Hilgers 239-246).  A general term for any vessel in or on which food or drink is served is ministerium (Paul. sent. 3, 6, 86: "ministeria omnia, velut urceoli, lances, patinae, piperatoriae"; see Hilger 222).

.cont dish: dishes (general term for vessels used to contain food at table)  vasa escaria (n. pl.)  < A general term for any vessel in or on which food or drink is served is ministerium (Paul. sent. 3, 6, 86: "ministeria omnia, velut urceoli, lances, patinae, piperatoriae"; see Hilger 222).

.cont dish: plate  catīnus, i m. (see Hilgers 48-49), orbis (escarius) (Vives, Commenius, etc.);  small plate (as desert plate)  catillus, i m.  < Quid hic faciendum haereo.  Catinus and catillus sola sunt vocabula quae Hilger voce Teller ("plate," "assiette") Germanice reddit; ita hic posui, quamvis catinus (et fortasse catillus) etiam "dish" ("Serviergefäss," "Schüssel oder Platte") significare queat.  Fieri potest teste Hilgerio discrimen eius modi exstitisse ut catinus potius ad "dish, Schüssel" spectaret, catillus ad "plate, Teller"; hoc discrimen si accipere voluerimus, hic catillus tantum ponendum, catinus sub voce "dish."  Orbis non antiquitus, sed inde a renatis litteris nostrum "plate" sonat; nobis utile quia desunt voces antiquae quas "plate" peculiariter significare constet.

.cont dish: platter  see dish, tray

.cont dish: saucer  ? suppositorium (Souter), ? suppoculare*

.cont dish: tray  repositorium, i n., ferculum, i n. (see Hilgers 180), lanx, lancis f.  < Lanx refers normally to a serving dish, but occasionally to a tray, as for carrying gifts or cups (Hilgers 207).  ||  Videtur ferculum -- cum non ad ipsos cibos, ut saepe, spectat -- potius "tray" quam "serving dish" significare: "Da ferculum als Auftrageplatte die Schüsseln mit Speisen trägt, est es fraglich, ob oder wieweit es noch also Gefäss ansehen muss" (Hilgers 180).

.cont drink: canteen  (container for water used by soldiers, hikers)  ampulla castrensis (see Hilgers 38: "the ampulla has a form similar to our canteen");  (cafeteria on military base)  popīna castrensis (v. militāris), refectorium castrense (v. militāre) (for refectorium, see Souter citing Greg. M.)

.cont drink: cup  poculum, i n., poculum ansatum (drinking vessel with handle), poculum fictile (earthenware drinking vessel), scyphus, i m.;  small cup (as espresso cup)  pocillum, i n. (small drinking vessel) [see also paper cup, plastic cup, prize cup]  < Poculum is the general term for drinking vessels; those we call "cups" may be distinguished, if needed, by adjectives such as ansatum, fictile, chartaceum.  Of the various specifically-named ancient drinking vessels, the most similar in shape to our ordinary cup is perhaps the scyphus, shorter and more cylindrical in form than the calix or cantharus, and having handles (Hilgers 275 and tables at back of book).

.cont drink: cup (as prize in competition), prize cup  cantharus, i m. (Egger S.L. 16: "aurem cantharum pondo quinque chilogrammatum tradit, praemium primorum in orbe terrarum eiusmodi ludi certantium," of World Cup in soccer; Eg. S.L. 36: "palmam tulerunt seu, quo melius dicam, aureo cantharo, qui est huius modi victorum insigne, sunt donati")  < The prize cups awarded for athletic events normally have the form of the ancient cantharus.

.cont drink: cup: paper cup  poculum chartaceum

.cont drink: cup: plastic cup  poculum euplasticum*

.cont drink: glass (drinking)  poculum (vitreum) [see also wine glass]  < Poculum is the general term for drinking vessels; the material, if important, may be specified by an adjective, such as vitreum, fictile, crystallinum.

.cont drink: glass: crystal goblet  crystall(in)um, i n.

.cont drink: glass: wine glass, goblet  poculum vinarium, calix, icis m. (drinking vessel with stem; see Hilgers 45)

.cont drink: glassware  vitrea potōria n. pl. (Dig. 33, 10, 3, 3) 

.cont drink: mug  see cup, stein

.cont drink: stein (beer), tankard  cantharus (cervesiarius*) (Comenius, etc.)

.cont ice tray  formula glaciei (cf. Chalc. comm. 323: aqua "in formulas obriguerit"), alveolus glaciei

.cont kettle  aźnum, i n.

.cont ladle, dipper  cyathus, i m., simpulum, i n.

.cont ladle: scoop  (ladle-shaped) cyathus, i m., simpulum, i n.;  (relatively flat, shovel-shaped)  vatillum, i n.

.cont mold  form(ul)a, ae f.

.cont oil can  infusorium (v. suffusorium) olei (see Hilgers 199 s.v. infusorium: "a vessel for pouring oil into a lamp")

.cont pan (for cooking)  sartāgo, inis f., patina, ae f., patella, ae f.  < Sartāgo is a pan for cooking (Hilgers 269-70); patina and the diminutive patella can refer either to a shallow cooking vessel (often with a lid) or to a dish for the table (Hilgers 239-246).

.cont pan: frying pan, skillet  frixorium, i n. (see Hilgers 15, 185)  < Sartāgo applies to any pan for cooking (Hilgers 269-70); frixorium (a post-classical word) applies specifically to a pan for frying.

.cont pan: pot (for cooking), casserole  olla, ae f., caccabus, i m. (see Hilgers 39-41 on both terms and their synonymity)

.cont pan: pots and pans, cookery  vasa coquinaria (see Hilgers 14)

.cont pan: saucepan  olla ansata

.cont pitcher, carafe, jug  urceus, i m., urceolus, i m.

.cont pitcher: coffeepot  urce(ol)us caffźārius*  < Hirnea for coffeepot or teapot (Helfer, Albert) is best avoided; the few occurrences of the word (Plaut., Non., Cato) indicate it was an earthenware vessel used for storing wine or for baking, and provide no information about its form (Hilgers 196).

.cont pitcher: teapot  urce(ol)us teārius*  < Hirnea for coffeepot or teapot (Helfer, Albert) is best avoided; the few occurrences of the word (Plaut., Non., Cato) indicate it was an earthenware vessel used for storing wine or for baking, and provide no information about its form (Hilgers 196).

.cont thermos bottle 

.cont vase (tall vessel for displaying flowers)  urna floraria*, vas florarium*

.conv bless you! gesundheit!  (exclamation when someone has sneezed)  Deus te tueatur

.conv bon appétit!  libenter cena (v. comede v. cenate v. comedite) (Eg. L.D.I. 83), bene tibi (v. vobis) sapiat, bonam orexim (tibi exopto)

.conv bon voyage, have a good trip  sit tibi (v. vobis) iter laetum (Eg. L.D.I. 89), bene ambula (Eg. L.D.I. 89)

.conv cheers!  (salutation when drinking)  sit tibi (v. vobis) salutiferum, prosit tibi (v. vobis), propīno tibi (v. vobis) salutem (Eg. L.D.I. 83), feliciter (Eg. L.D.I. 83)

.conv cold:  it's cold (of weather)  frigus est (Eg. D.L. 13);  I'm cold  algeo, algesco (Eg. D.L. 35)

.conv date: what's the date today?  qui dies est hodie? (Eg. L.D.I. 100), quotus dies est hodie?

.conv luck: good luck!  fźlīciter!  bene tibi (v. vobis) vertat!

.conv name:  what is your name?  qui vocaris? quod tibi nomen est?

.conv night: good night!  bene dormias!  bene quiescas!  molliter cubes!

.conv old: how old are you?  quot annos natus es?  I'm older than Mark  Marco maior natu sum

.conv speak: do you speak Latin (French, Chinese)?  loquerisne Latine (Gallice, Sinice)?

.conv welcome  (interjection of greeting)  salvum te advenire gaudeo (Ter.; Eg. L.D.I. 89), exspectatus (v. exoptatus) venis

.conv where are you from?  cuiįs es? unde venis?

.cook chop:  finely chopped  minutim concisus (Pharm. Austr. 5)

.cook marinate  macerare (Pharm. Austr. 3)

.cook stir  agitare (Pharm. Austr. xxv: "acidum sulfuricum saepius agitando sensim sensimque calefiat"; et passim)

.crim arson  incendium dolo malo (v. malitiose) factum (Smith)

.crim arsonist  incendiarius, i m. (Tac.; Suet.; Paul. Sent. 5, 3, 6: "incendiarii, qui consulto incendium inferunt")

.crim burglar, house-breaker  effractarius, i m. (Sen. Ep. 68, 4), effractor, ōris m. (Dig.; Eg. S.L. 27)

.crim corsair, privateer (government authorized pirate or harasser of enemy ships)  cursarius, i+ m. (Ducange; Niermeyer; Latham; Ducrue 258: "accidit enim frequentissime ut illae orae maritimae continuis Africanorum excursionibus infestentur.  Hos inter cursarios etiam praedictae naves fuere")

.crim counterfeiter  nummōrum adulterātor (Eg. R.A. 88)

.crim cutpurse  crumenisecus, sector zonarius (Eg. D.L. 16)

.crim electric chair  sella electrica* (Eg. S.L. 70)

.crim extort money, blackmail  pecuniam (minis) concutere, pecunias extorquźre (Eg. S.L. 36)

.crim involuntary homicide  homicidium non voluntate factum (Eg. S.L. 38)

.crim kidnap  vb.  abripere (Eg. D.L. 23); abducere (Eg. D.L. 35, Eg. S.L. 61)

.crim kidnapper  raptor, ōris m. (Eg. S.L. 37), plagiarius, i m.(Eg. S.L.  52)

.crim kidnapping  abductio, onis, f. (Eg. S.L. 74)

.crim mugger  praedo (v. latro) urbicus (v. urbanus), grassator, ōris m.

.crim turn oneself in (of criminal)  se publicis ministris sistere (Eg. S.L. 61)

.day Friday  dies Veneris, feria sexta (eccl. only) (Ducrue 217)

.day Monday  dies lunae, feria secunda (eccl. only)

.day Saturday  sabbatum, i n. (Sen.; Suet.; Eg. D.L. 57; Eg. L.D.I. 100), dies Saturni ("Saturni sacra dies," Tib. 1, 3, 18; Isid.)   < The use of "sabbatum" for the seventh day of the week is classical and Roman, and not limited to references to Judaism; Suet. Tib. 32: "Diogenes grammaticus, disputare sabbatis solitus"; Sen. Ep. 95, 47: "accendere aliquem lucernas sabbatis prohibeamus, quoniam nec lumine di egent et ne homines quidem delectantur fuligine"; cf. LS: "a name for the seventh day of the week, Saturday."  Sabbatum is preferable to dies sabbati, the latter arising presumably from conflation of sabbatum with the other day-names; sabbatum is itself the name of the day.)

.day Sunday  dies dominica (v. dominicus), dies sōlis

.day Thursday  dies Iovis, feria quinta (eccl. only)

.day Tuesday  dies Martis, feria tertia (eccl. only)

.day Wednesday  dies Mercurii, feria quarta (eccl. only)

.dent dentist  medicus dentarius (Eg. S.L. 32)

.dipl ambassador  orator ordinarius (Busbecq); orator (Eg. D.L. 23: "Hispaniae orator apud Sedem Apostolicam"; Eg. D.L. 36: "Venetiolani apud Rem publicam Italicam orator")

.dipl consul  (head of consulate)  proxenźtźs, ae m. (with genitive or adjective of nation or nationals represented), proxenźtźs peregrīnus (cf. proxenentes mercatorum, 18th cent.), ? consul, is m. (with genitive or adjective of nation or nationals represented) (Ducange; Ducrue 265: "debemus hunc favorem ... Perill. D. Consuli Austriaco, qui nostri misertus hanc licentiam per ... Austriae Legatum ab aula procuravit");  the French consul in Boston  Gallorum apud Bostoniam proxenetes (v. consul)  < publicus procurator (Eg. S.L. 23: "publicus procurator -- consul solet appellari -- Foederatarum Civitatum Americae Septentrionalis").  OED s.v. consul: "Du Cange quotes a charter of King Jayme of Arragon of 1268, giving to the merchants of Barcelona, sojourning in parts beyond seas, power to appoint consuls over themselves. ... c1320 SYMON SIMEONIS Itin. (1778) 21 Communiter quaelibet Christianorum civitas maritima habet fundum in civitate ipsa et consulem."  Maigne: "consul ... consul diplomatique."

.dipl diplomacy  res legatoria, ars legatoria  < civilis prudentia (Eg. S.L. 81), ars diplomatica (Eg. S.L. 81: "civili prudentia sive, ut aiunt, arte 'diplomatica' est factum ut pactum iniretur")

.dipl diplomatic corps  Corpus Legatorum (Eg. D.L. 36)

.dipl diplomatic relations  publicae necessitudinis rationes (Eg. S.L. 70: "Apostolica Sedes et Foederatae Civitates Americae Septentrionalis publicae necessitudinis rationibus inter se coniunguntur"), publicae rationes (Eg. R.A. 125: "pondus Apostolicae Sedes ... ex eo elucet quod ei cum centum fere quinquaginta nationibus publicae rationes intercedunt");  break off diplomatic relations  publicae necessitudinis rationes disrumpere (Eg. S.L. 72)

.dipl embassy  lźgātio, ōnis f., lźgātiōnis sźdes, lźgātōris sźdes (Eg. R.A. 93), oratoris sedes (Eg. D.L. 35: "furto surreptum erat sedi Venetiolani apud Rem publicam Italicam oratoris"), oratoris aedes (Eg. S.L. 66)

.dipl international  multinationalis, e, internationalis, e* (Eg. S.L. 11)

.dipl international relations  necessitudinis rationes inter populos (Eg. D.L. 29)

.dipl NATO  Consociatio Atlantica (v. Boreatlantica), Consociatio ex pacto Atlantico Septentrionali (Eg. D.L. 58), Institutum a pacto Atlantico Septentrionali (Eg. S.L. 91)

.dipl ratify  (aliquid) ratum habere (Eg. S.L. 68: "pactio vigere incipiet cum a septem civitatibus ... rata habita erit")

.dipl Security Council (UN)  consilium securitati tuendae (Eg. S.L. 62)

.dipl spy  (tectus) speculator;  adj.  speculatorius, a, um (Eg. S.L. 27: "navigium subaquaneum speculatorium"), exploratorius, a, um (Eg. S.L. 85: "aėronavis* exploratoria"),

.dipl spy plane  aėronavis* exploratoria (Eg. S.L. 85), aėróplanum* speculatorium (Eg. S.L. 57)

.dipl spy satellite  satellis artificiosus speculatorius (Eg. S.L. 35)

.dipl spy: intelligence agent, agency  [see also spy]

.dipl ultimatum  extrema condicio (Eg. D.L. 31)  < ultimus dies statutus (Eg. S.L. 39: "antequam ultimus dies statutus -- ultimatum solent vocare -- exiret")

.dipl United Nations  Unitarum Nationum Coetus (Eg. D.L. 60), Unitarum Nationum Consilium (Eg. S.L. 30)

.drink tea  thea, ae* f. (Bartal; Pharm. Austr. 168), tea, ae* f., potio Sinensis (v. Sinica)

.drnk caffeine  coffeļnum, i* n. (Pharm. Austr. 83, 169)

.drnk coffee  cafźa, ae* f., cafźum, i* n., potio Arabica  < Potio caffearia (Eg. L.D.I. 106) significare debet potionem aliquam quae ad cafeam faciendam vel bibendam adhibetur, non ipsam cafeam.  The spelling cafaeum, frequent in early modern Latin texts, shows that the word was accented on the penultimate (as would be expected from the vernacular languages).

.drnk herb tea, herbal tea  infūsum, i* n. (with appropriate genitive, e.g., mentae infūsum) (Pharm. Austr. 219: "ad parandum infusum, substantia adhibenda concisa sive contusa ... aquae fervidae infundatur")

.drnk mineral water  aqua medicata (Sen. Q.N. 3, 25, 9; Eg. S.L. 46), aqua mineralis (Bonon. Acad. I, 312)

.drnk soft drink, soda  aqua (v. mulsa) spumans (v. spumosa)

.drnk tonic water  aqua chininata*

.drug antibiotic 

.drug antidote  antidotum, i n. (Pharm. Helv. [1907] 43: "antidotum arsenici")

.drug codeine  codeļnum, i* n. (Pharm. Austr. 82)

.drug drug company, pharmaceutical company  societas pharmaceuticus (Pharm. Austr. viii)

.drug drugstore, pharmacy  pharmacopolium, i* n. (Pharm. Austr. x; Eg. S.L. 26)

.drug pacemaker  instrumentum cordis stimulandi  < instrumentum cordi stimulando (Eg. S.L. 22), instrumentum excitatorium (Eg. S.L. 80)

.drug pain medicine, analgesic  medicamentum mitigatorium (Eg. S.L. 26)

.drug pharmaceutical  pharaceuticus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 16)

.drug pill, tablet, lozenge  (medical)  pastillus, i m. (Pharm. Austr. xvii), pilula, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 26), catapotium, i n.,

.drug prescribe  (of doctor)  praescribere (Pharm. Austr. xiii; Bonon. Acad. I, 312)

.drug prescription  praescriptio medici (Pharm. Austr. xxii: "diversas formas medicaminum ... absque praescriptione medici legimiti expedire non conceditur")

.drug quinine  cortex Peruvianus, chininum, i* n. (Pharm. Austr. xvii)

.drug sedative  adj.  sedativus, a, um*  (Pharm. Helv. [1907] 52: "aqua sedativa")

.drug suppository  suppositorium (anale v. vaginale) (Pharm. Austr. 360)

.eat  meal  cibus, i m., comestio, ōnis f.;  to have two meals a day rather than one  bis die potius quam semel cibum capere (Cels. 1, 1)

.eat calorie

.eat diet  (diminished or limited consumption of food and drink)  parcior victus (Bonon. Acad. I, 309), tenuior victus;  I'm on a diet  tenuiore victu utor;  (one's habitual consumption food and drink generally)  victus, ūs m., victūs ratio;  change one's diet  cibos variare (Capitol. Macr. 1, 4: "quando cibos variaverit"), victūs rationem mutare (Bonon. Acad. I, 308)  < Diaeta is a general mode of life prescribed by a doctor, including diet, activity, place.

.eat fat: eat foods high in fat  pinguia comedere (Vulg. 2 Esd. 8, 10)

.eat fat: fat-free  pinguedine vacans (v. carens), pinguedine levatus

.eat fat: low-fat  parum pinguis

.eat hot (of spicy food), picante  saporis urentis (gen.) (Pharm. Austr. 24: "liquor ... saporis urentis")

.eat nutrition, nutrition information, nutritionist

.edu advanced  (of acdemic studies, course)  altior, ōris (adj. comp.) (Eg. S.L. 87: "qui studiorum universitati iam nomen dedit ut ad altiores incumberet disciplinas")

.edu well-rounded education, liberal-arts education  disciplina encyclios (Vitr.), encyclopaedia, ae* f. (Hoven citing Budé and others)

.emod baroque  adj.  barōcus, a, um* (Eg. L.D.I. 109: "laudant etiam frontem ecclesiae Sanctae Mariae ad artis barocae rationem affabre factam"; Eg. R.A. 27: "imago Christi de cruce detracti, quam Christophorus Roncalli ... barocā mobilitate depinxit")

.emod dauphin (hist.: title of eldest son of French king)  delphīnus, i m. (Busbecq), delphin, īnis m. (Montfaucon, first page of dedication: "Ludovico Burgundiae duci, Galliarum delphini primogenito")

.emod Renaissance  renascentia, ae* f. (C.S. Lewis; Eg. R.A. 29: "lautas aedes ... secundum 'renascentiae' praecepta aedificatas"), Renascentiae aetas ((Eg. R.A. 56), renascentia litterarum (v. artium), renatae litterae, renatae artes (Eg. S.L. 68: "villa ... ad rationem renatarum artium picturis udo inductis est egregie ornata"), litterarum (v. artium) renatarum (v. renascentium) aetas (v. tempus) (cf. Eg. L.D.I. 124: "aetate qua veterum litterae artesque erant renatae");  since the Renaissance  post litteras (v. artes) renatas;  during the Renaissance  litteris (v. artibus) renascentibus  < Renascentia in the sense of "rebirth, regeneration" is found from at least the 15th century (Latham; Hoven).

.fish herring  harengus, i+ m. (Eg. S.L. 34)

.fish sea-shell  concha, ae f.

.fish shark  canis marīnus  < pristis (Eg. D.L. 20)

.food baked goods (bread, pastry, cakes, etc.)  panificia, orum n. pl. (Col.; Suet.)

.food cassava, manioc, yuca  manioca, ae* f.

.food corn  (maize, Indian corn)  frumentum Indicum, maizium, i* n., maiza, ae* f. (Eg. S.L. 31);  (on foot)  clavus, i m. (Plin.; Pharm. Austr. 405)

.food cream  flos lactis, spuma lactis  < cramum, cremum, cremor

.food cuisine (manner or style of cooking)  coctūra, ae f., coquīna, ae f.

.food dairy products  lacticinia, orum n. pl. (Apic.; Bonon. Acad. I, 308)

.food delicacy, choice food or dish  cuppźdium, i n.

.food dough  pasta, ae f., massa, ae f. (Eg. R.A. 108: "in quae massa in panis formam redacta ad cocturam solet inferri")

.food French fries  māla terrestria fricta, patātae frictae  < tubera solani assa (Eg. S.L. 77)

.food hamburger  isicium Hamburgense (Eg. S.L. 77)

.food mozzarella  caseus mutilus  < (Miraglia)

.food paella (Spanish rice-based dish)  oryza patināria (v. Hispanica) (cf. Plaut. As. 1, 180: piscis patinarius)

.food pasta, noodles   ? pasta sectilis (v. siccata v. Italica), segmenta trīticea (n. pl.) [see also spaghetti, fettucini, macaroni]  < Trīticum, when used precisely, refers to the durum wheat used today for pasta (André).

.food pasta, noodles: rice noodles  ? segmenta oryzacea* (n. pl.), segmenta ex oryza

.food ricotta  caseus recoctus  < (Miraglia)

.food sandwich  panis fartus (v. repletus)  < Pastillum fartum (Eg. S.L. 77).  Pastillum is found only in two grammarians; it is defined as "in sacris libi genus rotundi," Paul. ex Fest. p. 250 Müll.  It may be related etymologically in some way to panis, but does not appear to be simply its deminutive, despite the statement of Festus ("forma panis parvi utique deminutivum est a pane," Paul. ex Fest. p. 222).  "Sandwich" does not in any case call for a diminutive for bread.

.food skim milk  subst.  lac despumatum

.food sugar  adj. saccharatus, a, um* (Pharm. Austr. xvii)

.food syrup  syrupus, i* m. (Pharm. Austr. xvii, xiii: "syrupus opiatus")

.food tapioca  puls maniocae*

.food toast  panis tostus (Latham citing 1620 source; Maigne in definition of tosta)

.food toast  subst.  (toasted bread)  panis tostus;  (a drinking to someone's health)  propīnatio, ōnis f.

.frut banana  banāna, ae* f. (Eg. D.L. 40)

.frut coconut  nux indica (Holberg), cocus, i* m. (Eg. D.L. 40; Helfer)  < "Nux coci" (LRL) appears to be a calque of vernacular terms (nocce di cocco, Kokosnuss, etc.).  EB: Coconut described by Marco Polo; called "nux indica" from Cosmas, 6th c. Greek, through 15th c., then "cocus" in 16th c. Latin.  Botanical name: "cocos nucifera."  Cosmas Indopleutes, Topographie chrétienne XI, 11, ed. Wanda Wolska-Conus (Paris: Éditions du cerf, 1973; series "Sources chrétiennes"): To de allo twn argelliwn esti twn legomenwn, toutesti twn megalwn karuwn twn indikwn; ensuing discussion describes quite precisely the coconut (for identification of karua indikh as coconut, see p. 334 of Sources chrétiennes edition).  Text of Cosmas in Patrologia Graeca, vol. 88, column 443: "arbor alia argelliorum, ut vocant, hoc est nucum grandium Indicarum, ferax est" (edition and presumably translation of Montfaucon).  Stephanus: "argellion, Juglans Indica major, ap. Cosmam, Topogr. Chr. p. 336."  MLBS: "nux ... (~ Indica, Indie, magna) coconut."

.frut coconut palm  nux indica, (arbor) cocus*

.frut grape juice  sucus uvis recens expressus (Bonon. Acad. I, 311)

.frut grape:  grapes (collectively)  uva, ae f.;  a (single) grape  acinus vinaceus (Cic. Sen. 15, 52)

.frut nut: peanut  arachis, idis (Pharm. Helv. [1907] xiii: "oleum arachidis')

.frut orange  subst.  aurantium, i+ n. (Pharm. Helv. [1907] 47), malum aureum  < malum Sinense (Eg. D.L. 21)

.frut orange juice  sūcus aurantiis* (v. malis aureis) expressus (cf. sucus nuci expressus, Plin. 12, 135; sucus radici expressus, Plin. 27, 136), aurantiorum* sūcus, sucus aurįntinus*

.frut pine-nut  nucleus pineus

.furn bench  subsellium, i n.

.furn bookcase, set of shelves for books  pegma librarium

.furn chest of drawers, dresser  armarium loculatum

.furn cot  grabātus, i m.

.furn sofa, couch  lect(ul)us (diurnus), latisellium, i* n. (for formation, cf. bisellium)  < stibadium, sponda

.furn upholstered  pulvīnātus, a, um, tōmentōsus, a, um* (Bartal)

.furn upholstery  tōmentum sellae (v. lecto v. latisellio*) insūtum, pulvīni sellae (v. lecto v. latisellio*) insūti (m. pl.)

.geo cape  (headland jutting into sea)  prōmunturium, i n. (Eg. S.L. 13)

.geo equator  aequator, ōris m. (Gauss VI, 41), circulus aequinoctialis (Varr.; Eg. D.L. 12; Eg. S.L. 40)

.geo northern lights, aurora borealis  aurōra boreālis (Bonon. Acad. I, 287), lux borealis (Eg. D.L. 18)

.geo plateau  campus in montis dorsu porrectus (Liv.), planities inter montes sita (cf. Sall. C. 59, 2 ; id. J. 48 fin.), planities (ex)celsa (v. alta) (Humboldt), oropedium, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 50; Eg. S.L. 40)

.geo steppes  (vasti v. patentes) campi Russici (v. Scythici v. meridianae Russiae)  < tesca, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 81).  The rare term tesca refers to a wasteland; it may be wooded.  Campus, not tesca, connotes flatness and openness, defining characteristics of the steppes and the tundra.

.geo tundra  (vasti) campi arctici (v. hyperborei v. borealis Russiae)  (Hor. C. 2, 20, 16: "visam ... hyperboreos campos")  < tesca, ae f. (LRL)

.ggr Acapulco  Acapulcum, i n. (Eg. S.L. 102);  adj.  Acapulquensis (Ducrue 241)

.ggr Afghanistan  Afganistania, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 52);  Afghan  Afghanistanianus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 29)

.ggr Alaska  Alsaca, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 22);  adj.  Alascanus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 28)

.ggr Algeria  Algeria, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 51);  adj.  Algeriensis, e (Eg. S.L. 51)

.ggr Algiers  Algerium, i n. (Ducrue 258)

.ggr Alsace (French province)  Alsatia, ae f. (Eg. R.A. 84);  subst.  Alsātus, i m.;  adj.  Alsaticus, a, um (all in WC)

.ggr Amazon region  Amazonia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 34)

.ggr Amazon River  flumen Amazonum (Humboldt), amnis Amazonius (Eg. D.L. 34)

.ggr America (North and South), New World, western hemisphere  utraque America (Ducrue 217), Indiae (Occidentales) (Ducrue 259: "quotquot naves ex Indiis redeunt," referring probably to both Americas and Asia), Orbis Novus

.ggr Amsterdam  Amstelodamum, i n. (Eg. D.L. 25)

.ggr Anchorage  Ancoraria, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 56)

.ggr Andes  Andes, ium f. pl. (Humboldt)  < Andae, arum f. pl. (Eg. D.L. 55; cf. Italian "le Ande")

.ggr Ankara  Ancyra, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 58; Eg. R.A. 144)

.ggr Antarctic  adj.  antarcticus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 25)

.ggr Antarctica  terra antarctica (Eg. D.L. 25)

.ggr Arab  subst.  Arabs, bis m. (acc. pl. Arabas), Saracźnus, i m. ((Eg. R.A. 137; "copiae pontificiae in proelio navali anno 849 apud Ostiam commisso victoriam e Saracenis reportant")

.ggr Arabic  adj.  Arabi(c)us, a, um

.ggr arctic  arcticus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 7)

.ggr Argentina  Argentīna, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 8);  adj.  Argentīnus, a, um. (Eg. S.L. 7)

.ggr Atlantic Ocean  Oceanus Atlanticus (Eg. S.L. 34)

.ggr Australia  Australia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 35);  adj.  Australianus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 9)

.ggr Austria  Austria, ae f. (Ducrue 265; Eg. S.L. 26);  subst.  Austriacus, i (Ducrue 265);  adj.  Austriacus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 57)

.ggr Avignon  Avenio, ōnis m.  < Avennio (Eg. R.A. 27)

.ggr Baghdad  Babylon, ōnis f. (Byz. Gr.), Bagdātum, i n. (Eg. D.L. 46)

.ggr Bahamas  < Insulae Bahamenses (Eg. D.L. 21)

.ggr Bahrein  Baharina, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 46)

.ggr Balkan peninsula  Balcania, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 65)

.ggr Baltic Sea  mare Balticum (Eg. S.L. 30), mare Suebicum (Tacitus, S.L. 30)

.ggr Bangladesh  adj.  Bangladesanus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 41)

.ggr Basque  subst.  Vasco, onis m.;  adj.  Vasconicus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 29; Eg. S.L. 45)

.ggr Basque country  Vasconia, ae f.

.ggr Bavaria  Bavaria, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 42; Eg. S.L. 53);  Bavarian  Bavaricus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 49)

.ggr Beijing, Peking  Pekinum, i n.

.ggr Beirut  Bźrytus, i f. (Eg. S.L. 13);  adj.  Bźrytius, a, um, Bźrytensis, e)

.ggr Belarus, B(y)elorussia  Russia Alba (Eg. D.L. 50)

.ggr Belgium  Belgium, i n. (Eg. S.L. 78)

.ggr Belize  Belīza, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 43)

.ggr Benin (African nation)  Beninum, i n. (Eg. S.L. 39)

.ggr Bergen (city in Norway)  Bergae, arum f. pl. (Holberg), Berga, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 19)

.ggr Bering Strait  Fretum Beringanum (Eg. S.L. 86)

.ggr Berlin  Berolinum, i n. (Eg. S.L. 34)

.ggr Black Sea  Pontum Euxinum (Eg. S.L. 18)

.ggr Bogota  Bogota, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 51)

.ggr Bolivia  Bolivia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 34)

.ggr Bologna  Bononia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 85)

.ggr Bosnia  Bosnia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 65)

.ggr Brasilia  Brasiliopolis, is f.

.ggr Brazil  Brasilia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 34);  adj.  Brasilicus, a, um, Brasiliensis, e (Eg. S.L. 15)

.ggr Britain  Brittania, ae f.;  British  Britannus, i m.;  adj.  Britannicus, a, um

.ggr British Channel  Fretum Brittanicum (Eg. S.L. 53)

.ggr Brittany  Britannia Minor, Aremorica, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 45)

.ggr Brooklyn  Bruclīnum, i n.;  adj.  Bruclinensis, e (Eg. S.L. 50)

.ggr Bruges (city in Belgium)  Brugae, arum f. pl. (WC)

.ggr Bucharest  adj.  Bucarestiensis, e (Eg. R.A. 100)

.ggr Buenos Aires  Bonae Aurae f. pl., Urbs Boni Aėris (Dobr.), Bonus Aźr (Dobr.), ? Bonaėropolis, is f. (Eg. S.L. 11)  < Bonis Auris is the place indication used in Latin books published in Buenos Aires (since the mid-19th century) (WC).

.ggr Buffalo  Buffalum, i n. (Eg. D.L. 21)

.ggr Bulgaria  Bulgaria, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 59);  subst.  Bulgarus, i m. (Eg. D.L. 13)

.ggr Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta)  Burkina, ae f.  < Official name is Republic of Burkina; Faso apparently means "land."  Volta Superior (Eg. S.L. 30)

.ggr Cairo  Cairum, i n. (Eg. S.L. 104)

.ggr Calgary  Calgaria, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 67)

.ggr California  California, ae f. (Ducrue 220; Eg. D.L. 41)

.ggr Californian  subst.  Californius, i m. (Ducrue 222 et passim, of native inhabitants);  adj.  Californicus, a, um (Ducrue 228), Californiānus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 77)

.ggr Cambodia  Cambosia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 55);  adj.  Cambosianus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 55)

.ggr Cambridge  Cantabrigia, ae f.;  adj.  Cantabrigiensis, e (Eg. D.L. 30)

.ggr Cameroun  Cammarunia, ae f.;  adj.  Cammarunianus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 14)

.ggr Canada  Canada, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 35)

.ggr Canary Islands  Insulae Fortunatae (Plin. N.H.), Insulae Canariae (Arn.)

.ggr Canterbury  Cantuaria, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 10);  adj.  Cantuarensis, e (Eg. S.L. 10)

.ggr Cape Canaveral  Prōmunturium Canaveralense (Eg. S.L. 13, 51)

.ggr Caracas  Caracae, arum f. pl. (Eg. S.L. 33);  adj.  Caracensis, e (Eg. S.L. 33)

.ggr Caribbean  adj.  Antillensis, e, Caribicus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 60)

.ggr Caribbean islands, Antilles  Antillae, arum f. pl. (Eg. D.L. 40; Eg. S.L. 58)

.ggr Caribbean Sea  Mare Antillense, Mare Caribicum (Eg. D.L. 40; Eg. S.L. 58)

.ggr Caspian Sea  Mare Caspium (Eg. S.L. 18)

.ggr Central America  America Media (Eg. S.L. 43)

.ggr Ceylon, Sri Lanka  Ceilanum, i n. (Eg. D.L. 11), Srilanca, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 25), Tabrobanź, źs f. (Eg. S.L. 25); adj. Ceilanianus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 11), Srilancanus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 25)

.ggr Chad  Tzadia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 56)

.ggr Charleston  Carolopolis, is f.

.ggr Charlotte (city in North Carolina)  Carolinopolis, is f. (Eg. S.L. 106)  < Fortasse "Carlotta" vel simile aptius, propter "Carolopolis" nomen simile.

.ggr Chicago  Sicāgum, i n. (Eg. S.L. 55);  adj.  Sicagensis, e (Eg. S.L. 54)

.ggr Chile  Chilia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 81);  adj.  Chiliensis, e (Eg. D.L. 13), ?  Chiloensis, e (Ducrue 263: "in Provincia Chiloensi sive Insulis Chiloensibus")

.ggr China  Sinae, arum f. pl., China, ae f., Sźres, um m. pl.

.ggr Chinese  adj.  Sinicus, a, um, Sinensis, e (Eg. D.L. 56)

.ggr Colorada River  Fluvius Ruber (Ducrue 233)

.ggr Colorado  Rubrifluvium, i n. (cf. Flumen Rubrum of Colorado River, Ducrue), Coloratum (Eg., Nom. Loc.);  adj.  Rubrifluvānus, a, um, Coloratensis, e (Eg. D.L. 49)  < For the formation of Rubrifluvium, cf. quadrifluvium.

.ggr Columbia  (country in South America)  Columbia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 34)

.ggr Columbus  (city)  Columbopolis, is f. (Eg. D.L. 11)

.ggr Congo  adj. Congensis, e (Eg. D.L. 23) )

.ggr Copenhagen  Hafnia, ae f., Havnia, ae f., Hauniae, ae f.

.ggr Costa Rica  Ora Dives (Eg. D.L. 44);  adj.  Orodivitensis, e (Eg. S.L. 43)

.ggr Croatia  Croātia, ae f.;  subst.  Croāta, ae m. (Eg. R.A. 61);  adj.  Croāticus, a, um

.ggr Cuba  Cuba, ae f.;  adj.  Cubānus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 60)

.ggr Cyprus  Cyprus, i

.ggr Czech, Bohemian  Bohźmus, i m. (Ducrue 222);  adj.  Bohemicus, a, um (Ducrue 263)  < Tzechus (Eg. D.L. 38), Cechus (Eg. D.L. 38)

.ggr Dacca  Dacca, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 7)

.ggr Dane  Danus, i m. (Eg. D.L. 39)

.ggr Denmark  Dania, ae f. (Eg. R.A. 73);  subst.  Danus, i m.;  adj. Danicus, a, um

.ggr Dijon  Divio, onis (Eg. S.L. 20);  adj.  Divionensis, e (Eg. S.L. 20)

.ggr Dominican Republic  Res publica Dominicāna (Eg. D.L. 43), terra Dominicāna (Eg. D.L. 43)

.ggr Dresden  Dresdae, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 34)

.ggr Dutch  adj.  Batavicus, a, um, Hollandicus, a, um (Ducrue 265), Nederlandicus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 24)

.ggr Ecuador  Aequatoria, ae (Eg. S.L. 40)

.ggr Edinburg  Edinburgum, i n.;  adj.  Edinburgensis, e  < Edimburgensis (Eg. S.L. 10), Edimburgum (Eg. S.L. 11)

.ggr Egypt  Aegyptus, i f.

.ggr El Salvador  Salvatoria, ae f., Civitas Salvatoriana (Eg. S.L. 43, Res publica Salvatoriana (Eg. D.L. 44)

.ggr England  Anglia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 10)

.ggr Eskimo  Escimaeus, i n.;  adj.  Escimaicus, a, um

.ggr Ethiopia  Aethiopia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 87);  adj.  Aethiopicus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 87)

.ggr Flanders  Flandria, ae f.

.ggr Fleming  Flander, ri m.

.ggr Flemish  Flandricus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 92)

.ggr Florence  Florentia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 85)

.ggr Florida   Florida, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 21)

.ggr France  Francia, ae f., Francogallia, ae* f., Gallia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 78)

.ggr Geneva  Genāva, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 33);  adj.  Genāvensis, e

.ggr German  subst.  Germanus, i m., Theotiscus, i m.;  adj.  Germanicus, a, um (Leibniz; Schegel; Eg. S.L. 15), Theotiscus, a, um (Schlegel);  in German  Germānicź (Eg. R.A. 145), Theotiscź  < Germanus and Germanicus are the usual words for "German."  The ML word Theotiscus appears since the Renaissance to have been used chiefly with respect to medieval Germany and in particular Old High German.  The spelling Theodiscus (Helfer; Albert) seems to be much rarer than Theotiscus (see WC).

.ggr Germanic  Teutonicus, a, um

.ggr Germany  Germania, ae f.

.ggr Ghana  Gana, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 40);  adj.  Ganensis, e (Eg. S.L. 39)

.ggr Ghent (city in Belgium)  Gandavum, i n. (WC)

.ggr Glasgow  Glasgua, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 11)

.ggr Granada (Caribbean island)  Granata, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 60)

.ggr Great Britain  Britannia, ae f., Magna Britannia (Eg. S.L. 78)

.ggr Great Plains  patentes campi (civitatum mediarum)

.ggr Greenland  Groenlandia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 22), Terra Viridis (Eg. D.L. 22)

.ggr Guadalajara  Guadalaxara, ae f. (Ducrue 245);  adj.  Guadalaxariensis, e (Ducrue 244)

.ggr Guatemala  Guatimalia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 44; Eg. S.L. 43)

.ggr Guiana  Guiāna, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 34);  adj.  Guianensis, e (Eg. D.L. 41)

.ggr Haiti  Haitia, ae f.;  adj.  Haitiānus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 43)

.ggr Havana  Havana, ae f. (Ducrue 249 et passim);  adj.  Havanensis, e (Ducrue 254)  < Habanensis, e (Eg. S.L. 60)

.ggr Himalayas  Imaus, i m. (Eg. D.L. 37), Imaus mons (Eg. D.L. 56), iugum Imai (Eg. S.L. 83)

.ggr Holland, Netherlands  Batavia, ae f., Hollandia, ae f., Nederlandia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 25)

.ggr Honduras  Honduria, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 43);  adj.  Hondurianus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 14)

.ggr Hong Kong  Honcongum, i n. (Eg. D.L. 10);  adj.  Honcongensis, i (Eg. S.L. 84)

.ggr Hungary  Hungaria, ae f., Pannonia, ae f. (Melanchthon);  subst.  Hungarus, i m. (Eg. S.L. 105);  adj.  Hungaricus, a, um

.ggr Iceland  Islandia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 19)

.ggr India  India, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 41), Indostania, ae f., Res Publica Indica, Civitates Foederatae Indiae (Eg. D.L. 32)

.ggr Indian Ocean  Oceanus Indicus (Eg. D.L. 48)

.ggr Indonesia  Indonźsia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 10)

.ggr Innsbruck  Aenipons, ontis m. (Eg. D.L. 12)

.ggr Iran  Irania, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 39), Persia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 39)

.ggr Iranian  subst.  Persa, ae m. (Eg. D.L. 7, 59);  adj.  Persicus, a, um

.ggr Iraq  Irāchum, i n., Iracia, ae f.  < Iraquia (Eg. D.L. 46), Iraquianus (Eg. D.L. 59)

.ggr Ireland  Hibernia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 31)

.ggr Irish  subst.  Hibernus, i m. (Eg. S.L. 89)

.ggr Islamabad  Islamabada, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 29)

.ggr Israel  Civitas Israźliāna (Eg. D.L. 32), Israźl, is m. (Eg. D.L. 35);  Israeli  Israėlianus, i m. (Eg. D.L. 46), Israėlianus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 46)

.ggr Italian: in Italian  Italicź, Tuscź

.ggr Jakarta  Iacartum, i n. (Eg. D.L. 10)

.ggr Japan  Iaponia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 35)

.ggr Japanese  subst.  Iapo, ōnis m.;   adj.  Iaponicus, a, um, Iaponensis, e

.ggr Java  Iava, ae f. (Pharm. Austr. 168)

.ggr Jerez  (city in Mexico)  urbs Xeresana (Ducrue 245)

.ggr Jerusalem  Hierosolyma, orum n. pl. (Eg. D.L. 32), Ierūusalem n. indecl. (Eg. D.L. 47);  adj.  Hierosolymitānus, a, um

.ggr Jordan  Transiordania, ae f., Iordania, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 24)

.ggr Kabul  Cabura, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 29)

.ggr Kashmir  Casmiria, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 83)

.ggr Kentucky  Kentukia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 80)

.ggr Kenya  Kenia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 78);  adj.  Kenianus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 21)

.ggr Korea  Corźa, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 56;  adj.  Coreānus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 13)

.ggr Kuwait  Cuvaitum, i n.;  adj.  Cuvaitensis, e (Eg. S.L. 14)

.ggr Labrador  Terra Laboratoria (Eg. S.L. 20)

.ggr Lagos (capital of Nigeria)  Lacupolis, is f. (Eg. S.L. 75)

.ggr Laredo  (city)  Lauretum, i n. (Ducrue 223);  adj.  Lauretanus, a, um (Ducrue 231)

.ggr Las Vegas  Vegae, arum f. pl.  < Campi (Eg., LNG)

.ggr Latin America  America Latina (Eg. D.L. 43)

.ggr Lebanon  Phoenicia, ae f., Libania, ae f.  < Libanus, i m. (Eg. S.L. 12);  adj.  Libanensis, e (Eg. S.L. 13)  < Libanus Latine nomen est montis; potestne et nationis esse nomen?

.ggr Libya  Libya, ae f.;  adj.  Libycus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 41)

.ggr Lima  Lima, ae f.

.ggr Lisbon  Olisīpo, ōnis m. (Eg. S.L. 8), Ulyssipo, ōnis m. (Ducrue 221);  adj.  Olisīpōnensis, e (Eg. S.L. 10)

.ggr Lithuania  Lituania, ae f. (Bonon. Acad. I, 294)

.ggr Liverpool  adj. Liverpulensis, e (Eg. S.L. 11)

.ggr Lombard  Langobardus, i m. (Tac.)

.ggr Lombardy  Langobardia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 47)

.ggr London  Londin(i)um, i n.;  adj.  Londinensis, e, Londiniensis, e (Eg. S.L. 10  < Londinum and Londinensis are much more common than Londinium and Londiniensis in printed books (WC)

.ggr Long Island  Longa Insula (Eg. S.L. 50)

.ggr Los Angelos  Angelopolis, is f.; Urbs Angelorum (from WC: Constitutiones latae et promulgatae ab Illmo. ac Revmo. D.D. Francisco Mora, episcopo Montereyensi et Angelorum, in synodo quarta diocesana, habita in Ecclesia Sti. Vincentii a Paulo, in civitate Angelorum diebus 30 et 31 mensis Julii, A.D. 1889, Los Angeles, 1889)

.ggr Louisiana  Ludoviciana, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 53)

.ggr Louisville  Ludovicopolis, is f. (Eg. S.L. 80)

.ggr Madrid  Matritum, i n., Madritum, i n. (Ducrue 265)  < Matritum is much more common than Madritum in published books (WC).

.ggr Maine  Cenomannica, ae (Eg. S.L. 20)

.ggr Malaysia  Malaesia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 43);  adj. Malaesianus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 43)

.ggr Malta  Melita, ae f.;  adj.  Melitensis, e

.ggr Manchester  Mancestria, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 11), Mancunium, i n. (Eg. S.L. 11)

.ggr Manhattan  adj.  Manhattensis, e (Eg. S.L. 48)

.ggr Manila  Manīla, ae (Eg. D.L. 8), adj. Manilensis, e (Eg. D.L. 7)

.ggr Mauritania  Mauritania Ulterior

.ggr Mecca  Mecca, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 19)

.ggr Mediterranean (adj.):  Mediterranean peoples  populi Mare Internum accolentes (Eg. R.A. 92);  Mediterranean diet  victus gentium Mare Internum accolentium proprius, victus regionum Mare Internum attingentium proprius

.ggr Mediterranean Sea  mare internum (Eg. S.L. 105; Eg. R.A. 93)

.ggr Mexican  adj.  Mexicānus, a, um (Ducrue 230; Eg. D.L. 43)

.ggr Mexico  Mexicum, i n. (Pharm. Austr. 185; Eg. D.L. 43); 

.ggr Mexico City  Mexicum, i n. (Ducrue 245), Mexicopolis, is f. (Eg. D.L. 43)

.ggr Miami  Miamia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 21)

.ggr Midwest  (U.S. region)  civitates (occidentales) mediae

.ggr Minnesota  Minnesōta, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 19)

.ggr Monaco  Arx Monoeci;  adj.  Monoecensis, e (Eg. S.L. 22, 54)  < Monoecus, i m. (Eg. D.L. 40)

.ggr Montenegro  Mons Niger, Nigrimontium, i n.;  adj.  Nigrimontānus, a, um 

.ggr Monterrey  Regimontium, i n., Mons Regalis (Eg. D.L. 44)

.ggr Montreal  Marianopolis, is f., Regimontium, i n., Mons Regalis (Eg. S.L. 98)

.ggr Moroccan  subst.  Maurus, i m. (Ducrue 258: "hae [cymbae piscatoriae] enim dum piscando panem suum quaerunt, saepissime in Maurorum reti incidunt, quas vel Tripolim vel Algerium abducunt, et in servitutem redigunt")  < Fortasse potius "North African, maghrébin"

.ggr Morocco  ? Mauritania (Citerior), Marochium, i n. (Eg. S.L. 42)

.ggr Moscow  Moscua, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 25)

.ggr Mount Everest  Everestius mons (Eg. D.L. 37, 53)

.ggr Mozambique  Mozambīcum, i n. (Eg. D.L. 24; Eg. S.L. 70)

.ggr Munich  Monachium, i n. (Eg. D.L. 42)

.ggr Myanmar, Burma  Birmania, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 58)

.ggr Nairobi  Nairobia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 21)

.ggr Near East, Middle East, Mid-East  Oriens Medius (Eg. D.L. 32), Oriens Propinquus (Eg. S.L. 12, 37)

.ggr Nepal  Nepalia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 41);  adj.  Nepaliensis, e (Eg. D.L. 56)

.ggr Nevada  Mons Nivōsus, Nivimontium, i n.;  adj.  Nivimontānus, a, um  < Nivata (Eg. N.L.).  For the formation, cf. the ancient place names Caelimontium (Caelimontanus), Trimontium, and Septimontium, and the later Regi(o)montium for Königsberg.

.ggr New Guinea  Nova Guinea (Eg. D.L. 10)

.ggr New York  Novum Eborācum n. (Eg. S.L. 19);  adj.  Novus Eboracensis, Novoėboracensis (Eg. D.L. 28)

.ggr New Zealand  Nova Zelandia;  adj.  Novozelandicus, a, um, Neozelandiensis, e (Eg. S.L. 14), Novozelandensis, e (Eg. D.L. 37)

.ggr Niagara falls  cataracta Niagarae, cadentes aquae Niagarenses (Eg. S.L. 101)

.ggr Nicaragua  Nicaragua, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 44; Eg. S.L. 43)

.ggr Nigeria  Nigeria, ae f.;  adj.  Nigeriānus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 74)

.ggr Norman  subst.  Normannus, i m.;  adj.  Normannicus, a, um

.ggr Normandy  Normandia, ae f.

.ggr North Pole  polus septentrionalis (Eg. S.L. 44), axis septentrionalis (Eg. S.L. 44)

.ggr Northern Ireland, Ulster  Hultonia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 30)

.ggr Norway  Norvegia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 19);  subst.  Norvegus, i m.;  adj.  Norvegicus, a, um  < Norvegiensis (Eg. S.L. 19 )

.ggr Notre Dame  (in name of church, university)  Beata Virgo (e.g., aedes Beatae Virginis, Bonon. Acad. I, 69)

.ggr Nova Scotia  Nova Scotia (Eg. S.L. 20)

.ggr Oceania  Oceania, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 14)

.ggr Oregon  Oregonia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 106)

.ggr Pacific Ocean  Mare Pacificum (Ducrue 221)

.ggr Pakistan  Pakistania, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 7)

.ggr Pakistani  subst.  Pakistanianus, i m. (Eg. D.L. 54);  adj.  Pakistanianus, a, um

.ggr Palestinian  subst. Palaestinensis, is m. (Eg. D.L. 30)

.ggr Palm Beach  Ora Palmaria (Eg. D.L. 33)

.ggr Panama  Panama, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 43);  adj.  Panamensis, e (Eg. S.L. 18)

.ggr Papal States  civitas pontificia (Eg. R.A. 65: "cum alma Urbs adhuc esset caput Civitatis Pontificiae")

.ggr Paraguay  Paraquaria, ae f.;  adj.  Paraquariensis, e (Ducrue 221)

.ggr Paris  Parisii, orum m. pl., Lutetia, ae f., Lutetia Parisiorum (Eg. S.L. 20)  < Parisii appears much more common than Lutetia (WC publication places).

.ggr Persian Gulf  Persicus Sinus (Eg. D.L. 30; Plin. 12, 37, also calling it mare rubrum)

.ggr Peru  Peruvia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 34)

.ggr Peruvian  adj.  Peruvianus, a, um (Pharm. Helv. [1907] 60; Eg. S.L. 14)

.ggr Philadelphia  Philadelphīa, ae f.;  adj.  Philadelphźnus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 34)

.ggr Philippines  Insulae Philippinae (Eg. D.L. 8), terra Philippina (Eg. D.L. 7);  adj.  Philippīnus, a, um (Ducrue 264, Philippina navis)

.ggr Piedmont  (region in Italy, southeast US)  Pedemontium;  adj. Pedemontānus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 47)

.ggr Pittsburg  Pittisburgum, i n.;  adj.  Pittisburgensis, e (Eg. S.L. 88)

.ggr Poland  Polonia, ae f.

.ggr Pole  subst.  Polonus, i m. (Eg. S.L. 57)

.ggr Polish  adj.  Polonicus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 15)

.ggr Portugal  Lusitania, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 59), Portugallia, ae f. (Ducrue 258, 266)  < Lusitania is somewhat more common than Portugallia in printed books (WC).

.ggr Portuguese  subst.  Lusitanus (Ducrue 220);  adj.  Lusitanus, a, um (Ducrue 258: "duae cymbae Lusitanae"; Eg. S.L. 9), Portugallicus, a, um

.ggr Prague  Praga, ae f. (Eg. R.A. 100)

.ggr Princeton  Princetonia, ae f., Principitonia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 76)

.ggr Punjab  Puniabia, ae f.  < Regio Quinquefluminense (Eg. S.L. 82)

.ggr Qatar  Quataria, ae f.;  adj.  Quatarianus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 46)

.ggr Quito  Quitum, i n. (Eg. S.L. 40)

.ggr Rangoon, Yangon  Ranguna, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 58)

.ggr Red Sea  Mare Rubrum (Eg. D.L. 19)

.ggr Rio de Janeiro  Flumen Ianuarium

.ggr Russia  Russia, ae f.;  subst.  Russus, i (Eg. D.L. 38);  adj.  Russicus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 28)

.ggr Sahara desert  plaga arida Saheliana (Eg. S.L. 30), deserta loca Sahariana (Eg. S.L. 51)

.ggr Salt Lake City  Urbs Lacūs Salsi (Eg. S.L. 32)

.ggr Samoa  Insulae Samoanae (Eg. D.L. 8)

.ggr San Diego  Didacoplis, is f.;  adj.  Didacopolitānus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 79)

.ggr San Francisco  Franciscopolis, is f. (Eg. D.L. 41)

.ggr San Francisco  Sanctus Franciscus, Urbs Sancti Francisci, Franciscopolis, is f.

.ggr San José  Iosephopolis, is f. (Eg. S.L. 43)

.ggr San Sebastian  Sebastianopolis, is f. (Eg. S.L. 34)

.ggr Santo Domingo (capital of Dominican Republic)  Dominicopolis, is f. (Eg. D.L. 43)

.ggr Sao Paulo  Sanctus Paulus, Paulopolis, is f.

.ggr Sarajevo  Seraium, i n. (Eg. S.L. 65)

.ggr Saudi Arabia  Arabia Saudiana (Eg. S.L. 63);  adj. Arabicus Saudianus (Eg. D.L. 19)

.ggr Savoy  Sabaudia, ae (Eg. S.L. 21, 54);  subst.  Sabaudus, i;  adj.  Sabaudicus, a, um (WC)  < Sapaudus (Eg. R.A. 73

.ggr Scandinavia  Scandinavia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 19)

.ggr Scotch, Scottish  adj.  Calźdoni(c)us, a, um, Scoticus, a, um)

.ggr Scotland  Caledonia, ae f., Scotia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 10);  Scot(sman)  Caledo, onis m., Scotus, i m. (Eg. S.L. 7)

.ggr Senegal  Senegalia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 61;  adj.  Senegaliensis, e (Eg. S.L. 61)

.ggr Seoul  Seulum, i n. (Eg. S.L. 56)

.ggr Shanghai  Siamhaevum, i n. (Eg. S.L. 37)

.ggr Siberia  Sibiria, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 18, 49);  adj.  Sibirianus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 17, 49)

.ggr Sistine Chapel  sacra aedes Xystīna (Eg. R.A. 134), ades Xystīna (Eg. R.A. 135)

.ggr Slovenia  Slovenia, ae f.;  adj.  Slovenicus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 66)

.ggr Somalia  Somalia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 31)

.ggr South Africa  Africa Australis (Eg. D.L. 48; Eg. S.L. 70)

.ggr South America  America Australis, America Meridiana (Eg. S.L. 15)

.ggr St. Louis (city)  Ludovicopolis, is f. (Eg. S.L. 53)

.ggr St. Peter's basilica  (in Rome)  basilica Petriana (Eg. R.A. 126), basilica Sancti Petri (Eg. R.A. 126)

.ggr St. Peter's square or piazza  (in Rome)  area Petriana (Eg. R.A. 125), area Sancti Petri

.ggr St. Petersburg, Leningrad  Petropolis, is f.;  adj.  Petropolitanus, a, um (Gauss VI, 40)

.ggr Stockholm  Holmia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 29), Stockholmia, ae f.  < Holmia is much more common than Stockholmia in printed books (WC).

.ggr straits of Gibraltar  fretum Gaditanum

.ggr Strasbourg (city in France)  Argentorātus, i f. (Eg. D.L. 22; Eg. R.A. 84), Argentīna, ae f. (Eg. R.A. 84: "Argentina est nomen inferiore aetate inditum urbi Argentorato, quae est Alsatiae caput")  < The name Argentoratus is much more common than Argentina in printed books (WC).

.ggr Sudan  Sudania, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 46);  adj.  Sudaniensis, e (Eg. S.L. 50)

.ggr Suez Canal  Euripus Suesiensis (Eg. S.L. 78)

.ggr Sumatra  Sumatra, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 49)

.ggr Surinam  Surinamia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 34)

.ggr Swede  subst.  Suecus, i m., Suetus, i m. (Eg. S.L. 22)

.ggr Sweden  Suecia, ae f., Suetia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 18)  < Suecus, Suecia is the ordinary spelling; Suetus, Suetia are rare (see WC titles).

.ggr Swedish  adj.  Suecicus, a, um, Sueticus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 27 )

.ggr Switzerland  Helvetia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 50)

.ggr Sydney  Sydneium, i n. (Eg. D.L. 9)

.ggr Syria  Syria, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 24);  adj.  Syriacus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 105)

.ggr Teheran  Teherānum, i (Eg. D.L. 53)

.ggr Tel Aviv  Ioppź, źs f., urbs Tel Aviv  < Vernicollis (Eg. D.L. 32)

.ggr Texas  Texia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 69)

.ggr Thailand  Siamia, ae f., Thailandia, ae f.

.ggr Tibet  Tibetum, i n.;  adj.  Tibetānus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 56)

.ggr Togo (African nation)  Togum, i n. (Eg. S.L. 39)

.ggr Tripoli  Oea, ae (Eg. S.L. 41), Tripolis, is f. (Ducrue 258)

.ggr Tunis  Tūnźs, źtis m. (Eg. S.L. 51)

.ggr Tunisia  Tūnźsia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 51);  adj.  Tunźsiensis, e (Eg. S.L. 51)

.ggr Turin  Augusta Taurinorum (Eg. D.L. 36; Eg. S.L. 59);  adj.  Taurinensis, e (Eg. S.L. 59)

.ggr Turk  Turca, ae m. (Eg. S.L. 57), Turcus, i m.)

.ggr Turkey  Turcia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 58)

.ggr Turkish  Turcicus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 52)

.ggr Tuscany  Etruria, ae f. (Eg. R.A. 134);  subst.  Tuscus, i m. (Eg. R.A. 73, 129), Etruscus, i;  adj.  Tuscus, a, um, Etruscus, a, um

.ggr Tuscon  Tusconia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 78)

.ggr Ukraine  Ucraina, ae f.;  adj.  Ucrainus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 79)

.ggr United Arab Emirates  Foederatae Phylarchiae Arabicae (Eg. S.L. 46)

.ggr United States of America  Foederatae Civitates Americae, America Foederata (19th- and 20th-century ecclesiastical documents)  < Foederatae Americae Septentrionalis Civitates (Eg. D.L. 8-9)

.ggr Venezuela  Venetiola, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 33);  adj.  Venetiolānus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 33)

.ggr Venice  Venetiae, arum f. pl. (Eg. R.A. 81);  subst.  Venetus, i m.;  adj.  Venetus, a, um

.ggr Veracruz  Civitas a Vera Cruce dicta (Ducrue 247), Veracrux (Ducrue 247), Portus Verae Crucis (Ducrue 256, of Cuban city)

.ggr Vermont  Mons Viridis, Viridimontium, i n.:  adj.  Viridimontānus, a, um

.ggr Vienna  Vienna, ae f. (Busbecq; Eg. S.L. 58, quoting Latin inscription of 16th-century coin), Vindobona, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 57)  < Vienna is slightly more common than Vindobona in printed books (WC).

.ggr Vietnam  Vietnamia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 42);  adj.  Vietnamiensis, e (Eg. D.L. 43)

.ggr Wales  Vallia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 10), Cambria, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 10)

.ggr Warsaw  Varsavia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 34);  adj.  Varsaviensis, e (Eg. S.L. 82)

.ggr West Bank (part of Palestine)  Cisiordania, ae f.

.ggr White House  Aedes Albae f. pl. (Eg. D.L. 46)

.ggr Yemen  Iemen n. indecl. (Eg. S.L. 24)

.ggr Yugoslavia  Iugoslavia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 65)

.ggr Zimbabwe  Zimbabua, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 48;  adj.  Zimbabuanus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 48)

.ggr Zurich  Turicum, i n. (Eg. S.L. 93)

.gram ablative of accompaniment  ablativus sociativus* (v. comitativus*) (Eg. L.D.I. 92);  ablative of means  ablativus instrumentalis (Eg. L.D.I. 92);  ablative of quality  ablativus qualitatis (Eg. L.D.I. 92);  ablative of separation  ablativus separationis (cf. Eg. L.D.I. 92: "ablativus ... qui vere proprieque dicitur (casus separativus)");  ablative of time  ablativus temporis (Eg. L.D.I. 92)

.gram active voice  (grammatical)  faciendi modus (Quint. 9, 3, 7)

.gram clause  enuntiatum, i n. (Eg. L.D.I. 79 et passim), membrum, i n.

.gram conditional sentence  (grammatical)  enuntiatum condicionale (Eg. L.D.I. 79);  contrary-to-fact conditional sentence  enuntiatum condicionale irreale* (Eg. L.D.I. 91: "enuntiatum condicionale potest esse: indefinitum (alii dicunt reale) ... irreale (condicio proponitur ut non realis)") ("irrealis" is in Bartal)

.gram diminutive  vox deminutiva (Eg. R.A. 87), (nomen) deminutivum

.gram end in  (of grammatical terminations)  exire, desinere

.gram future perfect  (verb tense)  futurum exactum (Eg. L.D.I. 63)

.gram genitive of quality  genetivus qualitatis (Eg. L.D.I. 92)

.gram indirect object  (grammatical)  complźmentum indirectum (Eg. L.D.I. 10)

.gram irregular  (grammatical)  anōmalus, a, um (Eg. L.D.I. 81: "verba temporalia anomala, quae videlicet sunt abnormia")

.gram locative  (grammatical case)  casus localis (cf. adverbia localia, Charis. p. 182 P)  < "Locativus" (Eg. L.D.I. 92) should mean "involving the act of placing or leasing."

.gram object  (grammatical)  obiectum, i* n. (Eg. L.D.I. 10), complźmentum directum (Eg. L.D.I. 10)

.gram parts of speech  orationis partes (Eg. L.D.I. 104)

.gram passive voice  (grammatical)  patiendi modus (Quint. 1, 6, 26; 9, 3, 7)

.gram perfect subjunctive  (verb tense)  (tempus) perfectum (modi) coniunctivi (Eg. L.D.I. 66)

.gram purpose clause  enuntiatum finale (Eg. L.D.I. 76)

.gram result clause  (grammatical)  enuntiatum consecutivum (Eg. L.D.I. 79)

.gram sequence of tenses  (grammatical)  consecutio temporum (Eg. L.D.I. 85)

.gram subject  (topic)  argumentum, i n.;  (grammatical)  subiectum, i* n. (Eg. L.D.I. 10)

.gram subordinate clause  enuntiatum secundarium (Eg. L.D.I. 76)

.gram syntax  structūra verbōrum (Cic. Brut. 8, 33; Eg. L.D.I. 120), syntaxis, is f. (Prisc. 17, 1, 1; Eg. L.D.I. 120)

.gram voice  (grammatical)  modus, i m. (Quint.; Eg. L.D.I. 53: "modus passivus temporis praesentis")

.grmt apron (of cook, workman, etc.)  gremiāle, is+ n. (Latham; Cole), limus, i m. (Verg.; Isid.), limas, ātis+ m. (Ducange; Latham; Promptorium Parvulorum)  < Succinctorium et praecinctorium, iis quidem locis quos vidi, spectant ad tegumina genitalium, quibus usi sunt cumprimis protoplastae (agitur nimirum de scriptis ecclesiasticis), porro inculti barbari, athletae; vide locos s.v. athletic supporter allatos.  ||  Limus, limas.  Serv. ad Verg. l, 1: "limus autem est vestis, qua ab umbilico usque ad pedes teguntur pudenda poparum. Haec autem vestis in extremo sui purpuram limam, i. e. flexuosam habet. Unde et nomen accepit. Nam limum obliquum dicimus."  Isid. 19, 22, 26: "limus est vestis quae ab umbilico usque ad pedes producitur."  Ducange: "limas, atis, vestis quae protenditur ab umbilico usque ad pedes, qua publice utebantur servi et coqui.  Ita Jo. de Janua, qui addit: Eadem vestis dicitur limus, Vergilio scilicet et aliis, unde Isid. lib. 19, cap. 22: 'Limus, vestis quae ab umbilico ...'  Gl. Lat. Gall. Sangerman.: Limas, atis, une maničre de vźtement qui est dčs le venture jusqu'aux pieds, comme devantier [apron] ą cuisiničre."  Latham: "limas, apron" (duos fontes laudat). 

.grmt athletic supporter, jockstrap  succinctorium (campestre v. gymnicum v. athlźticum) (Aug. Civ. 14, 17: "succintorium genitalium"; Isid. 19, 22, 5: "vestis antiquissima hominum fuit perizomatum, id est subcinctorium, quo tantum genitalia conteguntur")

.grmt bra  strophium, i n. (Plaut.; Catul.), fascia pectoralis (Vulg. Isa. 3, 24)

.grmt button  subst.  (on clothing for fastening)  orbiculus, i m. (Vives), orbiculus vestis (v. vestiarius), orbiculus vesti assūtus;  shirt button  orbiculus camīsiae (v. indūsio) assūtus (cf. Mir 54 n. 29 quoting Pontanus: "globulos thoraci assutos");  (on appliance, television, etc.)  malleolus (tactilis), bulla (tactilis);  press a button  malleolum (v. bullam) tangere  < Globulus (Helf.; LRL; Alb. II) is also found for button in Vives and other early modern writers; but orbiculus better describes the disc-shaped button now in use.  For the use of tangere and tactilis, cf. "pinnam tangere," of key of water organ (Vitr.; followed by Latin writers on music since Renaissance).  ||  imprimere malleolum (Eg. L.D.I. 105) 

.grmt button  vb  (vestimentum) orbiculis conectere (v. constringere);  button up tight! amīculum bene constringas!

.grmt buttonhole  ocellus, i m. (Mir 54 n. 29 quoting Pontanus: "globulos thoraci assutos unumquemque ocello suo fac indas"; Helf.) 

.grmt collar  limbus collāris (Scheller), collāre, is n. (Comenius ch. 61; Coles; Goezler; Badellino), patagium, i n. (Fest. p. 221 Müll.: "patagium est quod ad summam tunicam assui solet"; Tert.; Kirsch)

.grmt cuff  (of shirt or coat)  limbus manicae (Menge-Gütling; Helf. citing Georges), extrźma manica (Smith);  (of pants)  limbus (v. margo) reflexus (v. replicatus)

.grmt cuff link  fibula manicae, fibula gemina (cf. globuli gemini: Helf.; Mir-Calv.)

.grmt dress (woman’s)  stola, ae f.;  long dress  stola talaris (v. longa)

.grmt fly (of pants)  braccarum fissūra;  zipper fly  fissūra denticulata;  button fly  fissūra orbiculāta  < apertura (Helf.)

.grmt formal (of clothing), dress (e.g., dress shirt)  lautus, a, um  < Vide quae sub sport coat scripsi.

.grmt formal: informal (of clothing)  cottidiānus, a, um

.grmt jacket, coat: coat  (long or heavy)  amictus, ūs m., amīculum, i n., paenula, ae f., lacerna, ae f.;  (relatively short or lightweight: jacket, windbreaker, etc.)  tunica, ae f. (Helf. s.v. Windjacke, citing Latinitas; cf. tunicula manicata: Eg. L.D.I. 105; LRL), ? iacca, ae* f. (Helf.; Alb. II; Mir.-Calv.)  < A dress jacket -- a suit coat or sports jacket -- may be called tunica lauta; other sorts of jackets may be distiguished as tunicae cottidianae (cf. Mart. 11, 1, 2: "sidone non cottidianā").  Helfer notes iacca as medieval but cites no source, and we have been unable to find any.  Ducange has an entry for jacke; but in the only two passages he cites, the word is mentioned as a vernacular rather than a Latin term ("quas vulgo Jackes vocant").  Iacca may nevertheless be justified as a Latinization of a more or less international vernacular term (cf. Ital. giacca, Germ. Jacke, Span. chaqueta, Mod. Gr. zaketa) -- useful for those who find use of the classical tunica here insufficiently clear.  ||  Ducange: "Jacke, jacque.  Sagum militare, quod loricae superinduebantur ... Quod mille loricas sive tunicas, quas vulgo Jackes vocant ... Arreptum quoddam vestimentum ipsius, quale Jacke vocamus."  Vocabulum jacke his locis manifeste tamquam vernaculum, non Latinum adhibetur.  Ceteri loci a Cangio allati e libris Gallice scriptis desumpti sunt.  ||   Tunicula manicata (Eg. L.D.I. 105; LRL): non est cur manicata addamus quoties huius vestimenti mentionem facimus, cum jackets nostra semper sint manicata. 

.grmt jacket, coat: coat with a hood  amictus cucullātus, amīculum cucullātum, paenula (v. lacerna v. tunica) cucullāta

.grmt jacket, coat: fur coat  vestis pellicia, amīculum pellicium, gunna, ae f. (ThLL citing Latin Anth. and scholiast on Virgil; Ducange; Niermeyer)  < Videsis quae de gunna s.v. skirt attuli.

.grmt jacket, coat: overcoat  superindumentum (Tert.; Helf.; LRL); amictus extimus (v. longus v. talāris); amīculum extimum (v. longum v. talāre) 

.grmt jacket, coat: sport coat, sport jacket, suit coat  tunica (v. iacca*) lautior  < Nescio an ornatior competat; inspexi locos; is qui talibus vestimentis induitur "ornatus" dici potest; licetne ipsa vestis "ornata" vocare?  In universum quibus adiectivis distinguenda sunt vestimenta "formal, dress" et "informal"?  S.v. coat, adhibui lautior et cottidianus.  Ecquid melius?

.grmt jacket, coat: windbreaker  tunica (v. iacca*) levior, tunica (v. iacca*) ventķfraga*  < For the formation and sense of ventifragus, cf. fluctifragus, undifragus.  ||  tunic(ul)a vento prohibendo (Helf. citing Latinitas)  ||  EL: giacca a vento, Windjacke, antianemio

.grmt jeans  brācae Genuenses (Helf.; Alb. II), brācae e panno Genuensi (factae v. confectae)  < See note on demin.

.grmt jeans: denim  pannus Genuensis, textīle Genuense  < Denim and jean were originally names of sorts of twill-weave fabrics (similar to contemporary denim) produced respectively in Nīmes and Genoa (in Latin, Genua).  As it is the English word jean, not denim, that has become international, Genoa provides the better identifying adjective for both fabric and garment.

.grmt jeans: jean jacket, denim jacket  tunica (v. iacca*) Genuensis, tunica (v. iacca*) e panno Genuensi  < See note on demin.

.grmt kimono  toga Iapōnica, kimōnum, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 13; LRL)

.grmt overalls  ? superindumentum operarium (LRL) 

.grmt pants, trousers, slacks  brācae, arum f. pl.

.grmt pocket  funda vestis (Badellino; Alb. II), funda, ae f. (Helf.), funda (vesti) insūta (cf. insutum vestibus aurum, Ov. A.A. 3, 131);  pants pocket  funda brācis insūta;  vest pocket  funda (interiori) tunicae (v. iaccae*) insūta  < sinus (Goezler; LRL)

.grmt pyjama  vestis dormitoria (v. nocturna) (Helf.)  < Minus apte vestis cubitoria (LRL), siquidem vestimenta cubitoria (Petr. 30, 11) sunt "clothing worn at table" (LS).

.grmt raincoat  pluviale, is+ n. (Niermeyer; Latham; Ratio Studiorum; Rituale Romanum; Helf.), paenula pluviae impervia, ? paenula impermeābilis (LRL)  < Of the various sorts of ancient cloaks, it was paenula that was associated with rainy weather: "non quaerenda est homini qui habet virtutem paenula in imbri" (Varr. ap. Non. 537, 12); "cum ... multo stillaret paenula nimbo" (Juv. 5, 79).  ||  Nescio an adiectivum impermeabilis solum positum sufficiat; perinde est ac dicas paenula impervia; at huiusmodi amicula nonnisi aquae impermeabilia sive impervia sunt.  Adiectivum impermeabilis sine dubio propter vocabula vernacula (imperméable, etc.) novellis lexicographis succurrit.

.grmt robe, gown: academic gown (as used in graduation ceremony)   toga acadźmica (toga: Latham s.v. toga; Goezler s.v. robe), epitogium (acadźmicum v. scholasticum);  at graduation students march in the cap and gown  inter promotionis sollemnia candidati togā (v. epitogio) ac pileo vestiti procedunt

.grmt robe, gown: bathrobe  toga (v. amictus) balneāris

.grmt robe, gown: dressing gown, negligé, night-gown  toga cubiculāris (v. levidensis v. rāra), amictus cubiculāris (v. levidensis v. rārus)  < For rarus, cf. tunica rara (Ov. Am. 1, 5, 13).  For levidensis, see Isid. Orig. 19, 22, 19: "levidensis vestis dicta, quod raro filo sit leviterque densata."  On this use of toga, see note after robe; cf. also "toga pro nocte" (Latham s.v. toga).

.grmt robe, gown: robe (loose garment worn at home), housecoat  toga domestica (cf. Descartes: "toga hiemalis"; Vives; etc.), amictus domesticus  < Toga has been used since antiquity of various types of loose-fitting outer garments, including judges' robes, academic gowns, priests' cassocks, Chinese mandarins' robes, and housecoats (see Latham).  For domesticus, cf. vestitus domesticus (Cic. Fin. 2, 24), domestica vestis (Goezler s.v. robe).  ||  Vestis domestica (Goezler; Helf.; LRL) latius patere videtur.

.grmt shirt  camīs(i)a, ae f. (Hier.; Isid.; Helf.), indūsium, i n. (Erasmus, Vives, Comenius ch. 61, etc.)  ||  Camisia.  ThLL novem numero fontes laudat (Hier., Vict. Vit., Pallad., papyr., Lex Sal., Greg. M., Ven. Fort., Schol. Hor. Vind., Gloss.); horum tres (Ven. Fort., Lex Sal., Gloss.) camisa habent (potius quam camisiam).  Hier. Ep. 64, 11: "solent militantes habere lineas, quas camisias vocant, sic aptas membris et adstrictas corporibus."  ThLL s.v. camisia: "i secundae syllabae longam fuisse e linguis romanicis sequitur."

.grmt shirt: blouse  camīs(i)a (muliebris), indūsium (muliebre)  < pelusia (Helf.; Alb. II)

.grmt shirt: tank-top (sort of t-shirt)  exōmis, idis f. (Fest. p. 81 Müll: "exomides sunt comici vestitus exsertis humeris"; Gell. 6, 12, 3)  < Exomis. LS: "Exomides sunt comici vestitus exsertis humeris, Fest. p. 81 Müll.; cf. Gell. 7, 12, 3."  Lidell-Scott: "at Rome, sleeveless tunic, Plu. Cat. Ma. 3, Gell. 6(7).12.3."  Gell. 6, 12, 3: "Viri autem Romani primo quidem sine tunicis toga sola amicti fuerunt; postea substrictas et breves tunicas citra humerum desinentes habebant, quod genus Graeci dicunt exomidas."

.grmt shirt: t-shirt  (outer garment)  camīsula, ae* f., camīsiola, ae* f., indūsiolum, i* n. (Hoven citing Erasmus, of a small shirt), camīs(i)a levis, indūsium leve;  (see undershirt)

.grmt shorts, short pants  feminālia, ium n. pl. (Vulg.; Hier. Ep. 64, 10, 1: "feminalia vel bracae usque ad genua pertingentes"; Isid. Orig. 19, 21), femorālia, ium n. pl. (Vulg.; Bonaventura; Vives; Holberg), brācae breviōres  < curta femoralia (Helf. citing Latinitas); brevissimae bracae (LRL)  ||  Feminalia.  Hier. Ep. 64, 10, 1: "vocatur ... lingua hebraea hoc genus vestimenti machnase, graece periskelh, a nostris feminalia vel bracae usque ad genua pertingentes."  Isid. orig. 19, 21: "batin sive feminalia, id est bracae lineae usque ad genua pertingentes, quibus verecunda sacerdotis velabantur."  Hesych. in lev. 16, 3/4 p. 987b: "super femora et circa vicina eis membra solum sunt feminalia."  ||  Femoralia.  Rufin. Orig. in Lev. 9, 2 p. 510a: "femorale indumentum est quo pudenda corporis contegi et constringi solent."  Inter feminalia et femoralia nihil interesse videtur.

.grmt shorts: cut-offs, cut-off shorts  brācae curtae (v. decurtatae)

.grmt skirt  calt(h)ula, ae f. (Plaut. Epid. 231; Varr. Gram. 194; cf. castula: LRL; Goezler)   < Castula is a reading at the cited passage in Varro now rejected in favor of caltula (OLD) or calthula (ThLL; see A. Walde, Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, s.v. castula).  Gunna (proposed for "skirt" by Helfer and Albert II) is a late ancient and medieval term for a fur cloak (ThLL; Ducange; Niermeyer).  ||  Voces propositae: castula, tunic(ul)a inferior, supparum, inducula inferior (LRL); gunna (Helf., Alb. I, II); hemitunica inferior (Ciar.); limbus, lacinia, inferior vestis (Lev.); tunica interior, castula (Goezler); tunica interior (Badellino)  ||  Calt(h)ula.  Plaut. Epid. 231: "[mulieres] vesti quotannis nomina inveniunt nova ... indusiatam, patagiatam, caltulam aut crocotulam."  Varr. Gram. 194 = Varro frg. Non. p. 548: "caltula est palliolum parecinctui, quod nudae infra papillas praecinguntur, quo mulieres nunc et eo magis utuntur, postquam subuculis desierunt."   Non. p. 548: "caltulam et crocotulam: utrumque a generibus florum translatum, a caltha et a croco."  Gloss. Plac. V 16, 2: "caltulum cinguli genus a coacto loro calthae [a colore calthae docti coniecerunt] dictum" (idem fere Isid. orig. 19, 33, 4).  OLD: "caltula ... a short undergarment worn by women."  ||  Gunna.  ThLL: "vestis pellicia. Gloss.L. Corp. G 185 -a heden (anglosax.). Anth. 209, 4 de nano: pulicis e corio vestit te -a profusa. Schol. Bern. Verg. georg. 3, 383 pecudum de pellibus faciunt -as, quibus vestiuntur omnes barbari."  Ducange: "vestis pellicea."  Niermeyer: "fur coat."  ThLL s.v. gunnarius: "fabricator (venditor?) gunnarum: Gloss. V 441, 32 v. vol II, 686, 3. Papyr. Marini 74, 6, 8 Laurentius v(ir) h(onestus) gunnar(ius)."  OED s.v. gown: "med.L. gunna, used in the 8th c. by St. Boniface for a garment of fur permitted to elderly or infirm monks. A late L. gunna ‘skin, fur’, is quoted from a scholiast on Verg. Georg. III. 383, and in Byzantine Gr. gouna is common as the name of a coarse garment, sometimes described as made of skins."

.grmt sleeve  manica, ae f., manuleus, i m.;  long-sleeved  manicātus, a, um;  short-sleeved  semimanicātus, a, um*;   sleeveless  carens manicis  < At manica proprie videtur eam tunicae partem significare, quae manum tegit; potest et chirothecam sonare.

.grmt socks  (ordinary socks, ankle-length socks)  pedūlia, ium n. pl. (Petr.; LRL), impilia, ium n. pl. (Plin.; Helf.; Alb.);  (long socks, knee socks, socks covering much of lower leg)  tibialia, ium n. pl. (Suet.; LRL)

.grmt socks: hose, panty-hose, stockings (rising above knee) crūrālia* (LRL; cf. fasciae crurales: Petr.; Dig.), crūrālia* strictōria  < Vives coined the word feminicruralia for the long men's hose of the Renaissance (cite); cruralia, however, suffices, as crus, though sometimes denoting specifically the lower leg or shin, most often refers to the entire leg (André, Anat.).  ||  tibialia bracaria (Helf.; Alb. II)

.grmt suit (clothes)  synthesis, is f. (Mart. 2, 46, 4; Dig. 34, 2, 39; Helf.; Alb. II), synthesina, ae f. (Suet. Ner. 52)

.grmt suspenders (US), braces (Br.)  brācārum retinācula, brācarum habźnae (Helf.)  < bracarum habźnae [Soc. Lat.], fasciolae decusssatae [Mariucci, Nova et vetera, 1987] (Helf.); bracarum tendiculae, bracarum habenulae (LRL); fasciae bracarum (Smith)

.grmt sweater, cardigan  thorax laneus (Suet. Aug. 82, of an ancient garment; for the modern "sweater": Eg. D.L. 21; Helf.; LRL), strictōria lanea (Helf.; LRL)  < Thorax is used by Suetonius of a close-fitting winter garment covering the chest; Renaissance writers applied it to the doublet (Vives, etc.).  < Quae proposita sunt, mihi non videntur valde apta; at nihil melius invenio.  ||  Thorax: Renascentium artium aetate thorax id quod anglice doublet sonabat.  OED s.v. doublet: "A close-fitting body-garment, with or without sleeves, worn by men from the 14th to the 18th centuries ... The doublet had many changes of fashion, being at one time with, at another without, short skirts. In its various sleeved and sleeveless forms, it was the prototype of the modern coat, jacket, and waistcoat."  Thorax aptior ad vest sive waistcoat nominandum quam ad sweater mihi videtur.  ||  Strictoria (semel tantum usurpatum videtur).  LS: "a shirt with long sleeves, Edict. Diocl. 7, 56."  Gaffiot: "sorte de chemise d'homme ą longues manches, qui serre étroitement le corps."  ||  Endromis (proponit Helf.).  LS: "a coarse woollen cloak in which the heated athletae wrapped themselves after their exercises, Mart. 4, 19; 14, 126; Juv. 3, 102. But afterwards a fine sort worn as an article of luxury: Tyriae, id. 6, 246 Rup."  Gaffiot: "manteau dont on se couvrait particuličrement aprčs les exercices corporels."  Lidell-Scott: "Adj., used in the foot-race ... Subst., bath-wrapper or drawsheet ... also, thick wrapper worn by runners, after exercise, for fear of cold, Mart. 4.19, Juv. 3.103, 6.246."

.grmt swimsuit, bathing suit  (generally)  vestis natātōria;  (close-fitting, briefs-type: speedo, bikini bottom)  subligar (v. subligāculum) natātōrium;  (loose-fitting, shorts-type: swim trunks)  femōralia (v. feminālia) natātōria  < For femorālia and feminālia, see authorities cited under shorts and undershorts.  We have preferred the adjective natatorius, as balnearis (vestis balnearis, Helf., LRL; vesticula balnearis, Eg. D.L. 21) refers in Latin specifically to to a bathroom, bath-house, or bathing establishment, not generally to the activity of bathing or swimming; the vestis balnearis mentioned in Lampr., Alex. Sev. 42, is a garment worn at the baths ("thermae"): "Thermis ... frequenter cum populo usus est et aestate maxime balneari vesti ad palatium revertens."

.grmt tuxedo (semiformal eveningwear, including dinner jacket, trousers)  vestis cźnātōria (Capitol. Max. Jun. 4), cźnātōria, orum n. pl. (Petr.; Mart.) (the two previous expressions describe an ancient dinner garment), vestis vespertīna (Helf.), synthesis cźnātōria (v. vespertīna);  (semiformal coat, dinner jacket)  tunica cźnātōria (v. vespertīna)

.grmt tuxedo: tails, tail coat  tunica caudāta (LRL)

.grmt undershirt  subūcula, ae f. (Hor.; Suet.), interula, ae f. (App.; Eg. L.D.I. 105)

.grmt undershorts  (briefs)  subligar, is n., subligāculum, i n.;  (boxer shorts)  femorālia (intima v. interiora) (Holberg, etc.; Helfer s.v. Unterhose: "femorale substrictius"), feminālia (intima v. interiora) (Helfer s.v. Slip: feminalia)  < Femoralia and feminalia refer to shorts covering all or part of the thighs (femora, femina); they may be either an inner or an outer garment.  See also shorts.

.grmt undershorts: unterpants (women's), panties (U.S.), knickers (Br.)  subligar (muliebre), subligaculum (muliebre)

.grmt underwear  vestes intimae (v. interiores), vestimenta intima (v. interiores), intima corporis velamenta (Eg. L.D.I. 105)

.grmt underwear: lingerie  vestes intimae muliebres

.grmt underwear: slip (woman's undergarment)  tunica muliebris interior (Helf.: tunica muliebris)

.grmt uniform  ?  < vestis distincta (Lev.)

.grmt vest (U.S.), waistcoat (Br.)  colobium, i n. (Serv.; Helf.; Alb. II)

.grmt zipper  ? clausūra (v. clūsūra) lābilis (v. denticulāta)  < clusura tractilis, clausura fulminea (Helf. citing Pal. Lat. for both); verticulae (LRL citing Vitr. 10, 13, 1); fibula remissaria (Lev.)  ||  Verticulae.  "charničre [hinge] ... élément de l'orgue hydraulique" (Callebat Dict. 264). ||  EL: Reissverschluss; fermeture-éclair, fermeture ą glissičre; ciernera (lampo); cremallera, cierre relįmpago; fermouar

.gvt asylum: political asylum

.gvt bodyguard  stipātor, ōris m., corporis stipātor (Eg. R.A. 44), protector, ōris m. (Eg. D.L. 36), corporis protector (Eg. S.L. 9), corporis custos (Eg. S.L. 51)

.gvt chancellor  cancellarius, i m. (Eg. S.L. 16, of German chancellor)

.gvt citizenship  civitas (Eg. S.L. 34);  be granted citizenship, become a citizen, be naturalized  civitate donari (Eg. S.L. 34)

.gvt civil rights  iura civilia n. pl. (Eg. S.L. 72)

.gvt constitution  lex primaria  < Cf. forma civitatis (Eg. R.A. 44), rei publicae constitutio (Cic. Rep. 2, 37).

.gvt czar, tsar  Russiae Caesar (Eg. R.A. 116), Russiae (v. Russorum v. Russicus) Autócrator (18th-century treaties; autócrator, oris m., Vopisc. Firm. 2, 1, of the Roman emperor; the czar assumed the titles of the Byzantine emperor upon the fall of Constantinople)

.gvt emperor  (Holy Roman Empire, German Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire, etc.)  Caesar, ris (Eg. R.A. 145: "in regionibus imperatori Germanico subiectis, quem haud raro Caesarem Latine vocabant");  adj.  caesareus, a, um

.gvt freedom of the press  < libertas rei pressoriae (Eg. S.L. 84)

.gvt government official  magistratus, ūs m.

.gvt human rights  hominum iura (Eg. D.L. 47)

.gvt independence  libertas, atis f., facultas suis legibus utendi (Eg. D.L. 40: "novem insulis facultas data est suis legibus utendi")

.gvt independent  sui iuris (gen.);  become independent, gain independence  sui iuris fieri (Eg. D.L. 40), sui iuris esse incipere (Eg. S.L. 14), libertatum adipisci (Eg. S.L. 14)

.gvt junta

.gvt leader, ruler, authority  (political)  moderator (Eg. D.L. 27)

.gvt ruler  (person who governs)  (rei publicae) moderator (Eg. S.L. 30)

.gvt theocracy  theocratia, ae* f. (Spinoza; Eg. D.L. 58)

.gym exercise  subst.  (physical)  exercitatio, ōnis f. (Cels. 1, 1 et passim)

.gym exercise  vb  se exercźre (Cels. 1, 1 et passim), exercźri

.gym massage  subst.  frictio, ōnis f., fricatio, ōnis f., malassatio, ōnis f.;  vb  malaxare (Sen. Ep. 66, 49; Plin. Val. 1, 8), fricare

.gym masseur  tractātor, ōris m., fricātor, ōris m., ? alipta, ae m. (Sen. Ep. 66, 53)  < Quoad alipta, videsis finitiones s.v. physical therapy.

.gym trainer, coach, personal trainer  ? alipta, ae m., paedotrība, ae* m. (Hoven quoting Budé; Anc. Gr.)

.hair cut (someone's) hair very short  (aliquem) strictim attondźre (Plaut. Capt. 268), ad cutem attondźre (Scrib. Comp. 10)

.hist Byzantine  Byzantius, a, um, Byzantīnus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 10)  < Byantius is classical, Byzantinus late ancient.

.hist coat of arms  insigne gentilicium (Eg. R.A. 51, 94)

.hist doge  dux Venetorum (Eg. R.A. 142)

.hist drawbridge, portcullis  cataracta, ae f. (Liv. 27, 28, 10)

.hist fall of the Roman empire  imperium Romanum (v. Romanorum) eversum;  since (or after) the fall of the Roman empire  post eversum Romanorum imperium (Eg. L.D.I. 124)

.hist Hellenistic  Alexandrīnus, a, um (Eg. R.A. 100: "cultus Isidis ... aetate Alexandrinā in occidente longe lateque manavit")

.hist imperial  caesareus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 57, of Holy Roman Empire)

.hlda Annunciation  dies annuntiatae Virgini festivus (Ducrue 247)

.hlda birthday  dies natalicius (Vulg. Gen. 40, 20)

.hlda carnival, shrovetide, mardi gras  carniprivium, i+ n.; oblectationes antequadragesimales* (Eg. S.L. 38)

.hlda Christmas  subst.  dies Natalis Domini (Eg. D.L. 19), sollemnia natalicia (Eg. S.L. 85);  adj.  natalicius, a, um (Eg. S.L. 33: "arbor natalicia"; Eg. S.L. 108: "pax temporis natalicii"; Eg. R.A. 38: "tempore natalicio");  Christmas season, holiday season  (series of holidays at end of year, including Christmas, New Year, Hanukkah)  Saturnalia, ium n. pl. (in antiquity, a holiday period in late December)  < At natalicius significare poterit et "of a birthday"; quo modo haec distinguenda?

.hlda Christmas eve  pervigilium Natalis Christi (Eg. R.A. 136), vigilia Nativitatis Domini (Ducrue 230)

.hlda Easter  pascha, ae f., pascha, atis n., pascharum dies (Symm.), sollemna paschatis (Eg. S.L. 46)

.hlda Halloween  pervigilium Omnium Sanctorum (cf. "pervigilium Natalis Christi," Christmas Eve)

.hlda Holy Week  pascha (Ducrue 229: "per octo omnino dies Paschatis")

.hlda Independance Day  (of July the Fourth, Bastille Day, Cinqo de Mayo and similar national holidays)  libertatis patriae festum (v. dies festus), eleutheria, orum n. pl. (Plaut. Pers. 29, of an ancient Greek "freedom holiday" celebrating the victory at Plataea); cf. Eg. S.L. 14: "id festo die evenit, quo Civitates illae Foederatae memoriam celebrant adeptae libertatis, seu temporis historiā digni, quo sui iuris esse coeperunt."

.hlda New Year's day  Calendae Ianuariae (Eg. S.L. 89), annus novus (Sen.)

.hlda New Year's eve  perviligium anni novi (v. calendarum Ianuariarum)

.hlda Palm Sunday  dies Palmarum (Ducrue 247)

.hlda Pentecost  Pentecostź, źs f. (Vulg.), festum Pentecostale (Tert.), dies Pentecostźs (Eg. S.L. 11)

.hom aerosol spray can  cf. nimbus (LS: "A vessel with many holes in it, used at public shows and at entertainments for sprinkling liquid perfumes: nimbus vitreus, Mart. 14, 112 in lemm.")

.hom apartment (US), flat (Br.), suite (of rooms)   diaeta, ae f. (Pl. Ep. 5, 6, 21; Suet. Claud. 10; Helf.; LRL; Eg. D.L. 23; Eg. R.A. 88: "diaeta conclavia plura complectitur"), domus, ūs f. (Vitr. 6, 7, 3-4), domuncula, ae f. (Vitr. 6, 7, 4), conclavia, ium n. pl., conclavium series  < Vitrivius uses domus and domuncula of separate, sealed-off apartments (andronitides, gynaeconitides, and guest suites) within a Greek house.  Pliny (Ep. 5, 6, 20-23) uses diaeta of a suite, part of his Tuscan villa, encompassing two bedrooms and a dining room, grouped around a common courtyard.

.hom apartment: condominium 

.hom screen (on window)  fenestra reticulata (Varr. R.R. 3, 7, 3) (cf. fenestra lignea for "shutter")

.hom stucco  tectorium, i n., opus tectorium (Eg. S.L. 93), opus albarium (Eg. R.A. 131)

.hom1 broom: dustpan  vatillum, i n. (see Hilgers 295)

.hom1 broom: sweep (with broom)  scopis mundare (Vulg. Luc. 11, 25), verrere (Plaut. Merc. 397: aedes verrere)

.hom1 clean house, clean up, tidy up  munditias facere (Plaut. Stich. 347: "munditias volo fieri; ecferte huc scopas"; Cato, R.R. 39, 2 :

.hom1 hot-water bottle  lenticula caldāria, lenticula calidā replźta (Cass. Fel. 51, 3: "lenticulam aeream vel testaceam calidā repletam ipsis locis dolentibus appones ob mitigandum dolorem"; see Hilgers 212-13)  < Hilgers notes that the lenticula can be a "warming bottle" ("Wärmflasche"), probably similar in shape to our canteen.

.hom1 ironing board

.hors saddle  ephippium, strātum (equi), strāgulum (equi)

.hors stud-horse  equus admissarius (Eg. S.L. 37)

.ind Buddhist  Buddhista, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 10);  adj.  Buddhisticus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 58)

.ind Hindu  subst.  hinduista, ae* m., hinduismi sectator (Eg. S.L. 82);  adj.  hinduisticus, a, um*

.ind Hinduism  Brachmanum religio (Schlegel; cf. Eg. S.L. 83: "innumerabiles homines in funus venerunt, quod secundum Brachmanarum ritum est factum"), vetus Indorum religio, hinduismus, i* m. (Eg. S.L. 82)

.intl anthropological  anthrōpologicus, a, um* (Eg. S.L. 45)

.intl anthropologist  anthrōpologus, i m. (Eg. S.L. 100)

.intl anthropology  anthrōpologia, ae* f.

.intl geologist  geologus, i m. (Eg. S.L. 32)

.intl geology  geologia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 81)

.intl think-tank, research institute  phrontistźrium, i* (Anc. Gr.; Vives, for "school")

.jrn news  (television broadcast)  acta diurna televisifica (Eg. L.D.I. 105)

.jrn news agency  sedes nuntiis divulgandis (Eg. D.L. 50), sedes diurnariis edocendis (Eg. S.L. 88: "Reuteriana sedes diurnariis edocendis")

.jrn news photographer, photojournalist  relator photógraphus* (Eg. D.L. 25; Eg. S.L. 34)

.jrn newspaper  ephemeris, idis f. (Eg. S.L. 94), acta diurna n. pl., diarium, i n. (Eg. D.L. 58; Eg. S.L. 94)

.kchn camp-stove  < foculus campestris (Eg. D.L. 56)

.kchn refrigerator  armarium frigidarium (Eg. D.L. 29; Eg. L.D.I. 105); frigidarium, i n.

.lang accent  (stress or pitch of a syllable)  accentus, ūs m.;  (diacritical mark)  accentūs signum (strictly, of mark indicating syllable stress or pitch), apex, icis m. (esp. of long mark over vowel, Quint.; Eg. L.D.I. 8);  (characteristic mode of pronunciation)  sonus (e.g., rusticus, peregrīnus, meridiānus), vox, vocis f. (Cic. de Or. 3, 11, 42: "rustica vox et agrestis quosdam delectat")

.lang ideogram, pictogram  ideographźma, atis* f., nota (v. littera) ideographica* (cf. litterae hieroglyphicae, Macr. S. 1, 21, 12; notae hieroglyphicae, Amm. 17, 4, 8), vocis (v. notionis) pictūra (v. figūra)  < ideogramma, atis* n. (Eg. S.L. 87: "tria milia idegrammatum, id est signorum seu figurarum, quibus Sineses in scribendo utuntur, mente comprehendit")

.lang Indo-European  Indeuropaeus, a, um, Indicus-Europaeus (Eg. S.L. 74)

.lang Modern Greek  lingua graeca recentior (v. vulgaris), lingua neograeca*

.lang Nahuatl  lingua Mexicana (Ducrue 246)

.lang purist  (in language usage)  puri sermonis exactor (Eg. R.A. 10)

.lang Romance language  lingua Romanensis, lingua Romanica (ThLL s.v. camisia; Eg. R.A. 112), lingua Romana vulgaris (Schlegel)

.lang simultaneous translation  versio simultanea (Eg. D.L. 22)

.lang Swahili  Svahilius, i m.;  adj.  Svahilicus, a, um.;  (language)  lingua Svahilica;  in Swahili  svahilicź  < lingua svahiliana (Eg. S.L. 102).  Non quadrat hic inclinamentum -anus, cum vox de loci nomine non derivetur.

.law alibi: the butler has an air-tight alibi  promus condus manifestis argumentis se alibi fuisse convincere potest

.law amnesty  amnźstia, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 30)

.law appeal  (jud.)  appellare (aliquem), provocare (ad aliquem) (Eg. S.L. 27)

.law court  tribūnal, is n. (Eg. S.L. 37)

.law jury, member of  iudex iurātus, iurātor, ōris m.

.law lie-detector

.law plaintiff  petītor, ōris m.

.law prosecutor, district attorney, D.A.  accūsator, ōris m.  < actor publicus (Eg. S.L.  20, 38).  LS: "So in Tac.: actor publicus, he who administers the public property."  Actor (without adjective) refers both to a plaintiff (in a civil case) and a prosecutor (in a criminal case).

.law self-defense: to aquit someone on grounds of self-defense  aliquem crimine liberare quod se legitime defenderit (Eg. S.L. 27)

.law supreme court  supremum tribunal (Ducrue 245); cf. collegium iudicum formae civitatis tuendae (Eg. R.A. 44, of Italian constitutional court)

.leg legislator  legum lator, legis lator, nomotheta, ae m. (Quint. 10, 1, 70)

.leg parliament, legislature, (national) assembly  parlamentum, i+ n., senatus, ūs, m., coetus legatorum popularium (Eg. D.L. 22), coetus legum latorum popularium (Eg. D.L. 32), coetus oratorum popularium (Eg. D.L. 47)

.leg representative  (generally)  lźgātus, i m. (Eg. S.L. 25, of representative of book publishers);  (in political assembly: congressman, deputy)  orator popularis (Eg. D.L. 41), legum lator popularis (Eg. S.L. 91), orator popularis (Eg. D.L. 47)  [see also legislator]

.lit dénouement  catastrophź, źs f.

.lit myth  veterum (v. antīquōrum) fābula, fābulāris histōria (Eg. R.A. 23: "sarcophagus fabularem historiam exhibens Meleagri")

.lit mythology  (myths, collectively)  veterum (v. antīquōrum) fābulae;  (study of myths)  mythologia, ae f.

.lit novel  fabula Romanensis (Huet, etc.), fabula Milesia (Eg. L.D.I. 105), ? mythistoria, ae f. (Capitol. Macr. 1, 3; cf. Mod. Gr. muqistoria, muqistorhma, novel)  < Dubito an mythistoria competat.  Invenitur apud antiquos semel tantum, in Historia Augusta; mythistoricus semel quoque, in alia Historiae Augustae vita.  Spectant haec voces ad fabellas parum graves de rebus historicis.  ||  Capitolinus, Opellius Macrinus 1, 3-5: "Et Iunio quidem Cordo studium fuit eorum imperatorum vitas edere quos obscuriores videbat.  Qui non multum profecit; nam et pauca repperit et indigna memoratu, adserens se minima quaeque persecuturum, quasi vel de Traiano aut Pio aut Marco sciendum sit, quotiens processerit, quando cibos variaverit et quando vestem mutaverit et quos quando promoverit.  Quae ille omnis exsequendo libros mythistoriis replevit talia scribendo, cum omnino rerum vilium aut nulla scribenda sint aut nimis pauca."  Trans. Magie (Loeb series): "By searching out all this sort of thing and recording it, he filled his books with gossip."  Trans. Burcan (Budé series): "Ą force de quźter tous ces détails, il a rempli ses livres de romans historiques en notant de pareilles vetilles"; note ad 1, 5: "mythistoriis: Locution propre a l'HA; cf. Q 1, 2 (ou Marius Maximus est crédité de mythistorica volumina et correlativement dénigré).  Il s'agit d'une historiographe d'historiettes (fabellae) assaisonnée de ragots [gossip]: 'legat Cordum qui haec omnia usque ad fabellam scripsit' (Max., 31, 4).  Fabella equivaut ici comme mythistoria ą l'acception méprisante et péjorative du grec muqouV legein."  ||  ThLGr: "muqistoria, hV, Historia fabularis, ut Suet. in Tib.: Maxime tamen curavit historiae fabularis notitiam usque ad ineptias atque derisum.  Aelius Spart. in suis Historiis [Macrin. c. 1 (qui in edd. Capitolini)] citat aliquando muqistoriaV.  Bud."  ||  Forc.:  "mythistoria ... narratio fabulosa et frivola ... Capitol. Marcrin. 1.  ||  Forc. "fabularis ... idem ac fabulosus, ut Historia fabularis in qua multa falsa.  Suet. Tib. 70. Maxime tamen curavit historiae fabularis notitiam."  ||  ThLL: "mythistoria ... i.q. narratio fabulosa: Capitol. Opil. 1, 5 (de Iunio Cordo viliora quaeque de imperatoribus referente)"  ||  Vopiscus, Firmus, 1, 2 (noting that Suet and Marius Maximus omitted or passed over quickly minor tyrant-emperors): "Et de Suetonio non miramur, cui familiare fuit amare brevitatem.  Quid Marius Maximus, homo omnium verbosissimus, qui et mythistoricis se voluminibus implicavit, num ad istam descriptionem descendit?"  Trans. Magie (Loeb series): "who involved himself in pseudo-historical works."  ||  Forc.: "mythistoricus ... fabulosus, mixtus ex historia et fabulis, ut mythistorica volumina, Vopisc. Firm. 1"  ||  ThLL: "mythistoricus ... i.q. narrationes fabulosas continens: Vopisc. quatt. tyr. 1, 2"  ||  Christian Hoffmann, Dissertatio mythistorica de terrore panico ([Jenae?], 1669).  Hoc tantum apud WC inveni; puto me et aliubi apud recentiores vocem mythistoricus vidisse, ita adhibitam ut significare videretur, tamquam hic, "ad criticam fabularum veterum investigationem pertinens."

.locl canton (Swiss)  pagus, i m. (Pharm. Helv. [1872] iii)

.locl city councilman, town councilman  decurio, onis m. (Eg. D.L. 10; Eg. S.L. 40)

.locl governor  gubernator, ōris m. (Ducrue 220, of Spanish provinces in New World)

.locl mayor  consul, is m. (Holberg, etc.), urbis praefectus (Ducrue 218), magister urbis (Eg. D.L. 7; Eg. S.L. 89), magister (with name of city or town) (Eg. S.L. 89: "magister Carthaginis ... Romae magister"), moderator urbis (Eg. D.L. 13), oppidi magister (Eg. D.L. 50)

.math analysis (math.: branch of mathematics including calculus and related fields)  analysis, is f. (Gauss VI, 42);  adj.  analyticus, a, um (Gauss VI, 42)

.math average  valor medius (Gauss IV, 6: "haecce quantitas k, quae re verā est medium omnium errorum possibilium, seu valor medius ipsius x"), numerus medius;  adj.  medius;  average temperature  calor medius

.math billion (US), a thousand millions (Br.)  miliardum, i n. (Eg. S.L. 87)

.math coefficient  coėfficiens, ntis m. (Gauss VI, 29 et passim)

.math constant (math.)  constans, ntis m. (Gauss V, 36)

.math cosine (math.)  cosinus, ūs m. (Gauss VI, 32)

.math decimal: to sex decimal places  ad sex figuras decimales (Gauss VI, 29: "nisi tabulis logarithmorum maioribus ad septem vel saltem ad sex figureas decimales constructis perficiantur")

.math diameter  diametros, i f. (Vitr.; Col.)

.math digit  nota numeri, cifra, ae+ f. (Maigne; Niermeye; Latham);  a ten-digit number  numerus decem notis constans (Eg. D.L. 39)

.math ellipse (geometrical)  ellipsis, is f. (*) (Eg. R.A. 126)

.math equation  aequatio, ōnis f. (Gauss VI, 30)

.math factor (math.)  factor, ōris m. (Gauss VI, 46)

.math formula (math.)  formula, ae f. (Gauss VI, 32)

.math function (math.)  functio, ōnis (Gauss V, 32)

.math logarithm  logarithmus, i m. (Gauss VI, 28)

.math mathematics  mathźsis, is f. (Gauss VI, 39)

.math million  millio, ōnis+ (*) m. (Ducrue 232)

.math negative  (math.)  negātīvus, a, um (Gauss IV, 10 et passim)

.math numeral: Arabic numeral  numerus Arabicus (Rabikauskas 150: "signa numeris sic dictis Arabicis expressa"), nota numeri Arabica;  Roman numeral  numerus Romānus, nota numeri Romāna

.math positive  (math.)  positīvus, a, um (Gauss IV, 10 et passim)

.math probability  (math.)  probabilitas, ātis f. (Gauss IV, 8 et passim)

.math radius (geometry)  circuli radius (Gauss VI, 42)

.math rectangle  rectogōnum, i n. (Souter citing Grom.), orthogōnium, i+ (Latham; Anc. Gr.), rectangulum, i* n. (Latham)

.math rectangular  rectiangulus, a, um (Souter and Gaffiot, citing Grom.; Eg. S.L. 48; Eg. R.A. 69), quadriangulus, a, um (Eg. S.L. 71), orthogōnus, a, um+ (Latham)

.math sine (math.)  sinus, ūs m. (Gauss VI, 32)

.math solve (for a quantity), find (a quantity through calculation)  eruere (Gauss VI, 34: "paucisque tentaminibus eruitur u = 0.24388"; Gauss VI, 42: "quod non possit aeque concinne per analysin erui")

.math trigonometric  trigonometricus, a, um* (Bonon. Acad. I, 286)

.math value (math.)  valor, ōris m. (Gauss V, 37 et passim)

.math vector  radius vector (radii vectōris) (Gauss VI, 29)

.math zero  zerum numerus (Eg. D.L. 18)

.mdv duchess  ducissa, ae f. (Ducrue 263)

.mdv Gothic  Gothicus, a, um (Eg. R.A. 51);  Gothic style  genus Gothicum (Eg. R.A. 51, 102: "ecclesia ... Gothico structurae genere ... est exstructa"), cf. 70-71: "ad artis Gothicae praecepta")

.mdv medieval  mediaevalis, e*, mediaevus, a, um* (for formation, cf. primaevus)

.mdv middle ages  media aetas (Eg. D.L. 5), medium aevum (Eg. S.L. 100)

.mdv Viking  Vikingus, i m. (Eg. S.L. 19), Normannus, i m. (Eg. S.L. 19; Eg. R.A. 49: "ea aedes, incendio a Normannis anno 1084 vastata")

.med acupuncture  acupunctura, ae* f. (De acupuntura, Bonn, 1826)

.med amputate  abscindere (Ducrue 240: "ut manus vel pedes ... paulatim intumescant ... ut abscindi necesse habeant")

.med anesthesia  narcosis, is f. (Pharm. Austr. 22: "aether pro narcosi"; Pharm. Helv. [1907] 28: "aether pro narcosi")

.med anesthetic 

.med antibacterial, sterilizing  cf. germicida*  (Pharm. Austr. xxviii: "sterilisatio medicaminum ne efficiatur additis substantiis germicidis ... Medicamina quibus aut a natura aut a praeparatione vires germicidae insunt, sterilefacere haud necesse est")

.med antibody

.med antiseptic  adj.  ? antisepticus, a, um* (Pharm. Austr. xxvii; Eg. S.L. 103: medicamentum antisepticum)

.med chiropractic  chīropraxia, ae* f., chīropractica, ae (or ź, źs)* f. (Mod. Gr. ceiropraktikh)  < For the formation of chiropraxia, cf. protopraxia (Plin. Ep.), Anc. Gr. duspraxia, eupraxia, isopraxia, etc.

.med chiropractor  chīropractus, i* m.  < For the formation, cf. Anc. Gr. dhmosiopraktoV, austhropraktoV, autopraktoV, etc.

.med clinic, clinical   cf. Pharm. Austr. ix: "in selectione medicaminum ... prae ceteris rationes scientificae et clinica experientia consulta fuerint"; idem: "collegia medicorum primariorum necnon professores, qui diversis clinicis praesunt, invitati sunt indicare quae medicamina in elenchum recipienda"

.med crutch  fulmentum subalare

.med dose  dosis, is f. (Pharm. Austr. xx: "medicamina ... in qua dosi expedienda sint"; idid. xxii: "medicaimin ... si a medico in maiore dosi praescribuntur")

.med ether (diethyl ether, anaesthetic)  aether, eris m. (Pharm. Austr. 22: "aether pro narcosi")

.med hospital  nosocomium, i n. (Eg. D.L. 42), valetudinarium, i n. (Eg. D.L. 10)

.med immune (med.)

.med inject  (aliquid) in venas (alicuius) immittere, in venas inicere (Eg. S.L. 70: "in eius venas iniectum 'serum veritatis,' id est sodium Thopalense").  < LS: "immitto: ... canalibus aqua immissa, Caes. B. C. 2, 10, 6; ... cloacam privatam in publicum, ib. 43, 23, 1; and: puram aquam in alvum, Cels. 2, 12."

.med injection (medical)  iniectio hypodermatica* (Pharm. Austr. xxvii: "liquores detinati ad iniectionem intravenosam aut hypodermaticam ne dispensentur nisi sterilefacti")

.med mental hospital, asylum  manicomīum, i* n., phrźnocomīum, i* n.

.med neurological  neurologicus, a, um* (Eg. S.L. 80)

.med nursing home (for elderly)  gerontocomīum, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 10)

.med obstetrics, obstetrician

.med operation (surgical)  sectio chirurgica (Eg. S.L. 32)

.med physical therapist, physiotherapist  iatralipta, ae m. (Cels. 1, 1; Plin. Ep. 10, 5; Petr. 28, 3), cinźsitherapeuta, ae* m.  < The alipta was apparently a combination of masseur and personal trainer; the iatrolipta (the first element of the compound being from iatroV, medical doctor), one who used similar techniques in treating the sick.  The term is thus appropriate for physical therapists, who use massage and exercise for physical rehabilitation.  Plin. Ep. 10, 5: "proximo anno, domine, gravissima valetudine usque ad periculum vitae vexatus iatralipten assumpsi"; Cels. 1, 1: "sanus homo, qui et bene valet et suae spontis est, nullis obligare se legibus debet, ac neque medico neque iatraliptā egere."  ||  EB s.v. physical medicine and rehabilitation: "also called Physiatry, Physical Therapy, or Rehabilitation Medicine, medical specialty concerned with the treatment of chronic disabilities and with the restoration of normal functioning to the disabled through physical modes of treatment, such as exercise.  This specialized medical service is generally aimed at rehabilitating persons disabled by pain or ailments affecting the motor functions of the body ... The therapeutic means most commonly employed include heat, massage, exercise, electrical currents, and functional training."  OED s.v. physiotherapy: " The treatment of disease, injury, or deformity by physical methods, such as massage, exercise, and the application of heat, light, fresh air, and other external influences." ||  Iatralipta: "masseur" (OLD); "surgeon who practices by annointment, friction and the like, Plin. Ep.10.5(4), Cels. 1.1, Gal. 13.104, Paul. Aeg. 3.47; hence iatr-aleiptikh (sc. tecnh), practice of an iatraleipthV, Plin. H.N. 29.4 " (Lidell-Scott); "a physician who cures by anointing, an ointment-doctor, Cels. 1, 1; Plin. Ep. 10, 4, 1; Petr. 28, 3" (LS); "qui traite par les frictions, masseur" (Gaffiot).  ||  Alipta: "one who annoints (athletes), a trainer of wrestlers or other gymnasts" (OLD); " anointer: hence (cf. aleifw 1) trainer in gymnasia ... Lat. aliptes, bath-attendant, Juv. 6.422" (Lidell-Scott); "the manager in the school for wrestlers, who took care that the wrestlers anointed their bodies with unguents, in order to give them the necessary suppleness, and exercised them in the ring, master of wrestling, or of the ring: ut aliptae, virium et coloris rationem habere, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 15; geometres, pictor, aliptes, Juv. 3, 76; aliptā egere, Cels. 1, 1" (LS); "celui qui frotte ou parfume les athltčtes ou les baigneurs, masseur" (Gaffiot).

.med physical therapy, physiotherapy  iatralipsia, ae* f., cinźsitherapīa, ae* f. (Helf.), cinźsitherapeusia, ae* f. 

.med prosthesis  prothesis (Eg. D.L. 55: "prothesis cruralis")  < potius "prosthesis," si omnino accipiendum

.med pulse  (medical)  pulsus, ūs m. (Eg. D.L. 56)

.med quarantine

.med recuperate, get better (after sickness)  a morbo recreari, convalescere, revalescere

.med specialist  (doctor)  medicus in speciali disciplina versatus (Eg. S.L. 79)

.med symptom  symptōma, atis n. (Souter; Bonon. Acad. I, 310), signum morbi diagnosticum (Bonon. Acad. I, 307)

.med syringe, hypodermic needle  syringa hypodermica* (v. subcutanea*), syringa, ae f. (Veget.; Latham; Eg. S.L. 70, 75)  < Forc.: "syringa ... injectio, Veget. 1 Veterin. 28, 7.  Souter: "syringa: a hole for injection, hence an injection [eundum locum laudat]."

.med wheel-chair  sella subrotata, sella rotalis (Eg. S.L. 55)

.med x-ray  radius Roentgenianus (Eg. D.L. 33)

.mil base  (military)  statīva, orum n. pl., castra stativa n. pl. (Eg. S.L. 59), statio, onis f. (Eg. S.L. 35; Eg. S.L. 60: "stationem militum Gallorum"), statio militaris (Eg. S.L. 92);  (chemistry: opposite of acid)  corpus basicum (Pharm. Helv. [1872] v: "vis a nobis requisita acidorum et corporus basicorum satis accurate exquiri potest")

.mil bunker  subterraneum receptaculum loricatum (Eg. S.L. 47)

.mil civil war  bellum intestīnum (Eg. S.L. 56), bellum civile (Eg. S.L. 56)

.mil detention facility, POW camp, concentration camp, prison camp  < campus captivis custodiendis (Eg. S.L. 79)

.mil mercenary  miles mercennarius (Eg. R.A. 87)

.mil navy  classis, is f., classis navalis (Eg. D.L. 58), classiarii, orum m. p. (Eg. S.L. 8), classis militaris (Eg. S.L. 27);  member of the navy  (miles) classicus (Eg. D.L. 27), classiarius, i m. (Eg. S.L. 8)

.mil pacifist, antiwar activist, opponent of war  belli osor, misopolemus, i* m., īrenista, ae* m.

.mil paratrooper  miles deciduus (Eg. D.L. 18, 38)

.mil recruit  subst.  (new soldier)  tīro miles (Cic. Phil. 11, 15, 39)

.mil reserves  (army, navy, etc.)  subsidiarii, orum m. pl.

.mil strategy  (military)  < res strategica (Eg. D.L. 58: "milites ... omnia loca quae rei strategicae interessent ... occupaverunt")

.mil1 air force  classis aėria (Eg. D.L. 32), classis aėronautica (Eg. S.L. 21)

.mil1 border patrol, border guard  miles limitaneus  (Eg. D.L. 31)

.mil1 coast guard, member of  miles litoreus (Eg. D.L. 43), custos litoris (Eg. D.L. 43)

.mony coin  numisma, atis n. (Eg. S.L. 57)

.mony coin: head (of coin)  pars adversa (Eg. S.L. 57)

.mony dollar  thalerus, i+ m. (Ducrue 231: "thalerorum hispanicorum"), dollarium, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 22 )

.mony tail (of coin)  pars aversa (Eg. S.L. 57)

.msc accompany  (music)  succinere

.msc acoustic  (guitar, etc.)  anelectricus, a, um*

.msc band  (musical group)  aenatores, um m. pl. (Eg. D.L. 15), manus aeneatorum (Eg. S.L. 50)

.msc compose (music)  modos musicos facere (Ter.; Eg. S.L. 34)

.msc concert  concentus (mūsicus) (Eg. S.L. 34);  give a concert, perform a concert  concentum edere (Eg. S.L. 34)  < concentus polyphonicus (Eg. S.L. 99)

.msc concert hall, symphony hall  odźum, i n. (Eg. S.L. 34)

.msc conduct (orchestra)  moderari (Eg. S.L. 99: "Karajan in Petriana Baslicia Romae concentum polyphonicum moderatur")

.msc conductor (of orchestra or chorus)  mūsicźs magister (Eg. S.L. 99)

.msc lyrics (words of song)  (cantici v. cantilźnae) verba;  Hammerstein wrote the lyrics, Rogers wrote the music  Hammerstein cantici verba scripsit, haec Rogers modis musicis aptavit

.msc note  (in musical notation)  nota mūsica (Quint. 1, 12, 14)

.msc opera  fabula melica, drāma mūsicum (Eg. S.L. 39; Eg. L.D.I. 109), drāma melicum  < Melodrama (Eg. R.A. 50) perperam confictum videtur.  Quo modo distinguendum musical (e.g. Broadway musical) et opera?

.msc opera house  ōdźum, i n., theātrum mūsicum (Eg. L.D.I. 109)

.msc orchestra  (group of musicians performing together)  sympōnia, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 99: "fornices ac tholus ... vocibus ad symphoniam canentium resonuerunt"), symphoniaci, orum m. pl. (Eg. S.L. 99);  (parterre, main floor seating in auditorium or opera house)  ima cavea, orchźstra, ae f. (most appropriate for front part of main floor seating)

.msc orchestra member, musician in an orchestra  symphonķacus, i (Eg. S.L. 34)

.msr acre  iūgerum Anglicum

.msr centimeter  centimetrum, i n. (Pharm. Austr. xxiv)

.msr cubic meter  metrum cubicum (Eg. D.L. 50)

.msr gram  gramma, atis n. (Pharm. Nosocom. passim; cf. Pharm. Austr. 6: "e decigrammis ... et grammis"; ibid. 7: "decigrammata"; ibid.: "decigramma 1 ... cum decigrammis ... decigrammata"; Eg. S.L. 65)

.msr hectare  iūgerum decametricum*, hecatontachōrium, i* n., hecantontarea, ae* (Eg. S.L. 92)  < For iugerum decametricum, note the international tendency to adapt various traditional land measure names to the hectare: "The hectare is, by subsequent definition, equal to a djerib in Turkey, a jerib in Iran, a kung ch'ing in mainland China, a manzana in Argentina, and a bunder in the Netherlands" (EB s.v. hectare).

.msr inch  uncia, ae f. (Front.; Plin.)

.msr kilo(gram)  chiliogramma, atis* n. (Eg. D.L. 56)

.msr kilometer  chiliometrum, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 21)

.msr liter  litra, ae f. (Pharm. Austr. 397)

.msr meter  metrum, i* n. (Pharm. Austr. 422; Eg. D.L. 14; Eg. S.L. 41)

.msr metric system  mensūra decametrica* (v. dźnaria)

.msr millimeter  millimetrum, i n. (Pharm. Austr. xxiv)

.msr pint  sextarius, i m.

.msr square kilometer  chiliómetrum quadratum (Eg. D.L. 34)

.mtg abstain  (not vote)  suffragiis ferendis abstinźre (Eg. S.L. 68)

.mtrl natural gas  methānum, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 21), vapor accensibilis (v. combustilis*), gasium naturale (v. terrigenum) (Eg. S.L. 17: "cum gasio naturali seu terrigeno abundet")

.mtrl petroleum: drill (for oil)

.mtrl petroleum: oil rig, oil derrick

.narc addiction to drugs  toxicomania, ae f. (Eg. D.L. 16)

.narc cocaine  cocaļnum, i* n. (Pharm. Austr. 81; Eg. D.L. 16)

.narc drug  (addictive or narcotic)  medicamentum psychotrophicum (Eg. D.L. 16), venźnum (Eg. D.L. 16; in its most general sense venenum refers to any substance "that powerfully affects or changes the condition of the body," LS), medicamentum stupefaciens (v. inebrians v. narcōticum v. voluptarium), medicamentum stupefactivus+ (Eg. S.L. 91), ebriāmen, inis n. (appropriate for both drugs and alcohol)

.narc drug addict  toxicomanźs, is* m. (Eg. D.L. 16)  [cf. alcoholic] 

.narc hashish  sucus cannabinus (LRL), hasīsum, i* n. (Eg. D.L. 16; Eg. S.L. 18; LRL)

.narc heroin  hźrōīnum, i* m. (Eg. D.L. 16; Eg. S.L. 18)

.narc intoxicant, intoxicating substance  ebriāmen, inis n. (Tert. de Jejun. 9, of alcoholic drinks)

.narc intoxicate  inebriare

.narc marijuana  cannabis Indica (Pharm. Austr. 201: "herba cannabis Indicae: ... odor herbae, praesertim tritae aut paulum calefactae, est peculiaris narcoticus"), cannabis (accensibilis v. inebrians v. ebriōsa), folia cannabina n. pl., ? marihuāna, ae* f. (Eg. D.L. 16; LRL)

.narc marijuana cigarette, reefer, joint  sigarellum* cannįbinum, volūmen cannįbinum

.narc morphine  morphinum, i* n. (Pharm. Nosocom. 31; Pharm. Austr. 246-47; Eg. D.L. 16; Eg. S.L. 18)

.narc narcotic  medicamentum narcoticum* (cf. Pharm. Austr. xv: "in simplicibus quibusdam sic dictis narcoticis vel heroicis")

.narc opium  opium, i n. (Eg. D.L. 16)

.narc snort coke, etc.  cf. pulvis sternutatorius (Pharm. Austr. 413)

.nucl atomic  atomicus, a, um* (Eg. D.L. 27);  atomic energy  vis atomica* (Eg. D.L. 28);  atomic radiation  radiationes atomicae* (Eg. D.L. 39)

.ofc office  (place where business is transacted, office building, white-collar work-place)  tractatorium, i n. (Sid.), statio, onis f. (Cod. Th.; Cod. Just.), taberna, ae f., sedes, is f. (with appropriate genitive), officiorum sedes (Eg. D.L. 21, 29);  (separate room or space for one or a few within larger work-place)  scriptorium, i+ n., musź(ol)um, i* n., cella, ae f., officiorum sedes (Eg. D.L. 22), officii sedes (Eg. S.L. 29: "generalis praectus exercitūs ... dum Matriti in officii sui sedem vehitur, est ex insidiis necatus"; Eg. S.L. 82: "cum ... ex aedibus suis ad officii sedem se conferret")

.off admiral  (mil.)  thalassarchus, i*, praefectus classis, imperator classis (LRL)

.off marines  manuballistarii classici m. p. (LRL)  < classiarii (Eg. S.L. 60)

.off officer (military)

.off rank

.off. army: general (lieutant-, major-, bridagier-), colonel (lieutenant-), major, captain, lieutenant (first and second), sergeant, corporal, private

.off. navy: admiral, commodore, captain, commander, lieutenant, ensign

.off0 general  subst. (military)  generalis praefectus exercitūs (Eg. D.L. 58: "Kenanus Evren, generalis praefectus primorum militiae, una cum generalibus praefectis exercitūs, classis navalis et aeriae ... est rerum potitus"; Eg. S.L. 28

.off1 major-general  praefectus legionum (LRL s.v. generale di divisione)

.off2 brigadier-general  praefectus cohortium (LRL s.v. generale di brigata)

.off3 colonel  (mil.)  chiliarchus, i m. (LRL), tribūnus militum (LRL, Eg. S.L. 30

.off4 major  (mil.)  centurio maior (LRL, Eg. S.L. 30

.off5 captain  (mil.)  centūrio, ōnis m. (LRL)

.off6 lieutenant  (mil.)  succentūrio, ōnis m. (LRL)

.off7 sergeant  (mil.)  decūrio, ōnis m. (LRL)

.off8 corporal  (mil.)  optio, ōnis m. (LRL, Eg. S.L. 30

.off9 private  (mil.)  miles gregarius (Eg. S.L. 30

.orch banjo  cithara Americāna

.orch brass: trumpet  tuba, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 49)

.orch clavichord  clavichordum+ pristinum (v. mensāle v. epitrapezium)

.orch guitar  cithara (Hispanica)

.orch harpsicord  clavicymbalum, i+ n.

.orch key  (of musical instrument)  pinn(ul)a (tactilis);  (of typewriter, computer)  malleolus, i m. (Eg. S.L. 88)

.orch lute  lautus, i+ m. (Latham; Maigne), testūdo, inis f. (in antiquity, any arch-shaped string instrument; applied to lute specifically since Renaissance)

.orch organ  (musical instrument)  organum, i n. (Aug.; Cass.), organum mūsicum (Eg. R.A. 61

.orch pianist  clavichordista, ae* m.  < plectrocymbalista* (Eg. S.L. 34)

.orch piano  clavichordum, i+ n.  < plectrocymbalum* (Eg. S.L. 33)

.orch sitar  cithara Indica

.orch strings: double-bass  contrabassus, i* m., fides statāria

.orch strings: violin  violīnum, i* n., violīna, ae* f., fidicula, ae (*) f.  < fidicula violina (Eg. D.L. 45)

.orch winds: bassoon  fagottum, i* n., tibia gravķsona (v. barżtona)

.orch winds: clarinet  clarinźta, ae* f., tibia unicalama 

.orch winds: flute  tibia obliqua

.orch winds: oboe  tibia Gallica (cf. LRL: tibia altisona Gallica), tibia bicalama* (cf. unicalamus)  ||  EB s.v. oboe: "Hautbois (French: 'high [i.e., loud] wood'), or oboe, was originally one of the names of the shawm, the violently powerful instrument of outdoor ceremonial.  The oboe proper (i.e., the orchestral instrument), however, was the mid-17th-century invention of two French court musicians."  EB s.v. bassoon: "The development of the bassoon, which is the bass voice of the woodwinds, is believed to have closely followed the reconstitution of the shawm as an oboe."

.orch winds: recorder  (musical instrument)  tibia recta (v. pristina)

.orch winds: reed (of wind instrument)  li(n)gula, ae f. (Plin. 16, 171)

.phlg archeological  angīologicus, a, um*, archaeologicus, a, um* (Eg. D.L. 17)

.phlg archeologist  angīologus, i* m., archaeologus, i* m. (Eg. S.L. 23, 108)  < nonne "archaeologus" potius "classicist" sonare debet?)

.phlg archeology  angīologia, ae* f., archaeologia, ae* f.

.phlg classic, classical  classicus, a, um (Eg. L.D.I. 111: "praestantium auctorum, quos classicos dicimus"; Eg. R.A. 142: "Museum Gregorianum Profanum abundant artis operis, quae aetate 'classicā,' quam dicunt, sunt fabre facta")

.phlg classicist  antiquarius, i m., antiquitatis studiosus (cf. Kopp 2: "Inter philologos etiam, aliosque qui antiquitatis studio tenentur, raro reperies veterum scripturarum curiosum"), palaeologus, i* m., antiquitatis studiosus (Eg. R.A. 48), rerum antiquarum perītus (Eg. R.A. 57)

.phlg classics, classical studies  antiquitates (Graecae et Romanae) (f. pl.), philologia Graeca et Romana, palaeologia, ae* f.

.phlg excavate (archeology)  effodere (Eg. S.L. 93; Eg. R.A. 11: "in aedibus quarum parietinae sunt ex parte effossae")

.phlg excavations (archeologoical)  effosiones, um f. pl. (Eg. S.L. 23), fossiones, um f. pl. (Eg. R.A. 57 133)

.phlg literary studies  philologia, ae f.

.phlg paleographer  palaeographiae* perītus (v. studiōsus), antiquarius, i m. (LS: "one that understands reading and copying ancient manuscripts, Cod. Th. 4, 8, 2; Aus. Ep. 16 al.")  < At antiquarius sonat etiam "one that is fond of or employs himself about antiquities" (LS), hoc est fere "classicist"; nescio igitur an hic sufficiat.  Palaeographus significare oportet "antiquus scriptor," vel "qui antiquo more scribit."

.phlg paleography  ars palaeographica*, palaeographia* critica (Kopp 3), ars antiquaria (LS: "the art of reading and copying ancient manuscripts, Hier. Ep. ad Flor. 5, 1"); cf. res diplomatica* (Mabillon, De re diplomatica; Kopp 3), diplomatica, ae* f. (Rabikauskas, Diplomatica pontificia)  < The term (res) diplomatica is often used as approximately synonymous with palaeographia; but when the terms are used precisely, diplomatica deals with official documents (such as deeds and charters), palaeographia with writings of all sorts.  ||  Palaeographia apud Montfauconium (qui videtur primum hoc vocabulo esse usus, OED s.v. palaeography) idem valet ac "vetus scriptura"; hoc videtur mihi vox palaeographia paene necessario significare, potius quam "veteris scripturae legendae disciplina."  Attamen vide huius vocabuli apud Kopp usum.  Kopp 2: "Neque enim ulla bonarum artium magis neglecta ... iacet quam palaeographia, cuius perexiguam partem vix emplectuntur necessitate coacti artis diplomaticae studiosi.  Inter philologos etiam, aliosque qui antiquitatis studio tenentur, raro reperies veterum scripturarum curiosum.  Quos tamen ipsos, si palaeographia non imbuti sunt, cum doctis analphabetis haud iniuria comparaveris."  Kopp 3: "Equidem ab initio rei diplomaticae tantum operam navavi ... Sed haecce palaestra cum nimis angusta mihi deinde videretur ... iam primum spatium minus actis circumscriptum finisbus quaesivi, maiora gravioraque amplexus.  Quo factum est u palaeographiae criticae condendae magnos susciperem labores, quaelibet excutiens scripta sive in marmore, sive in aere, sive in membrana, sive in papyro, sive in argilla, sive in quavis alia materia."  Everado Audrich, Institutiones antiquariae, quibus praesidia pro graecis latinisque scriptoribus, nummis et marmoribus facilius intelligendis proponuntur, ac plurima ad numerorum et vocum compendia ad chronologiam et palaeographiam spectantia accurate explicantur (Florentiae, 1756) [liber invenitur apud Univ. Cincinnati]

.phon dial  vb.

.phys air pressure, atmospheric pressure  aėris vis pressoria (Bonon. Acad. I, 311), aėris pression (Bonon. Acad. I, 312), atmosphaerae* pondus (Bonon. Acad. I, 311)

.phys atomic weight  pondus atomicum (Pharm. Austr. xx)

.phys big bang

.phys entropy

.phys equilibrium (physics)  aequilibrium, i n. (Gauss V, 35)

.phys gravity  (physics)  gravitas, ātis f. (Gauss V, 31; Eg. S.L. 81)

.phys magnet  magnźs, źtis m.

.phys magnetic  magnźticus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 18)

.phys microwave  adj.  microcymaticus, a, um*

.phys neutron  neutrō, ōnis* m. (Eg. D.L. 27)

.phys neutron bomb  pyrobolus* neutronicus* (Eg. D.L. 27)

.phys prism   adj.  prismaticus, a, um (Pharm. Austr. 10: "crystalli prismaticae")

.phys prismatic  prismaticus, a, um* (Gauss V, 34)

.phys quantum physics, quantum mechanics

.phys relativity  (physics)  relativitas, atis* f. (Eg. D.L. 45)

.plc curfew  ignitegium, i+ n., interdicta domuegressio* (Eg. D.L. 58), interdicta egressio e domo (Eg. D.L. 58);  a curfew was imposed  nocturna egressio e domibus vetita est (Eg. S.L. 30)

.plc detective  criminum vestigator, criminis detector (Eg. S.L. 64) [see also private investigator]

.plc electronic eavesdropping equipment, bug

.plc FBI  Corpus Vestigatorum Foederaticum;  FBI agent  foederaticus criminum vestigator  < Officium Foederatum Vestigatorium* (Eg. S.L. 26)

.plc national guard, Spanish guardia civil, Italian carabinieri, etc.  milites a publica tutela (Eg. D.L. 36; Eg. S.L. 109)

.plc plain-clothes policeman  tectus publicae securitatis custos (Eg. S.L. 82)

.plc policeman, police officer  publicae securitatis custos (Eg. D.L. 26, Eg. S.L. 72), biocōlŷta, ae m. (Eg. D.L. 26, Eg. S.L. 72)

.plc private investigator, private eye  privatus scelerum investigator (Eg. S.L. 64) [see also detective]

.plc security guard  securitatis custos (Eg. S.L. 106), securitatis tutor (Eg. S.L. 106)

.plc undercover officer, undercover police agent  tectus vigil (Eg. S.L. 108)

.plnt plant  planta, ae f., stirps, is f. (Eg. D.L. 34), vegetabile, is+ n., vegetale, is n.

.plnt plant kingdom  regnum vegetabile+ (Pharm. Austr. xvi)

.plnt sea-weed  alga, ae f.

.pol ballot  suffragium, i n., tabella, ae f.;  secret ballot  tacitum suffragium (Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 7);  place where ballots are counted  diribitorium (suffragiorum)

.pol ballot: rig ballots  suffragia consulto adulterare (Eg. S.L. 76)

.pol ballot-box  urna, ae f.

.pol ballot-counter  (suffragiorum) diribitor (Eg. S.L. 76)

.pol conservative  subst.  < rerum conservandarum fautor (Eg. D.L. 58)

.pol elect  eligere (Eg. D.L. 47)

.pol election  comitia (Eg. S.L. 41: "cum comitia habeantur creandis magistratibus"; Eg. S.L. 62: "civile imperium comitiis habitis recens est restitutum")

.pol election day  dies comitialis (Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 3)

.pol electoral college  collźgium electōrum praesidialium  < Cf. use of elector in Latin for the electors of the Holy Roman Empire.

.pol extremist, radical  extremarum partium sectator (Eg. D.L. 26), extremarum partium fautor (Eg. S.L. 41)

.pol leftist  sinister (Eg. S.L. 67: "extremarum partium sinistrarum sectator")

.pol left-wing extremist  extremarum partium sinistrarum sectator (cf. Eg. D.L. 57: "extremarum partium dexterarum sectator")

.pol party (political)  partes, ium f. (Eg. D.L. 26), factio politica (Eg. D.L. 58), factio civica (Eg. S.L. 62)

.pol politician  cf. magistratus, ūs m.

.pol poll (public opinion)  dźmoscopia, ae* f.;  adj.  dźmoscopicus, a, um* (Eg. S.L. 76)

.pol presidential election  comitia praesidalia, comitia praesidi creando

.pol referendum  populi scitum

.pol right-wing extremist  extremarum partium dexterarum sectator (Eg. D.L. 57)

.pol suffrage, right to vote  suffragium, i n., ius suffragii, ius suffragii ferendi (Eg. S.L. 41)

.pol tabulate ballots, talley ballots  suffragia diribźre (Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 1)

.pol vote  vb.  suffragium ferre (Eg. D.L. 47)

.pol voter  elector, ōris m. (Eg. S.L. 41)

.pol voting  subst.  suffragii latio (Liv.; Eg. R.A. 41)

.pol voting machine 

.ppl black, negro  subst.  nigrīta, ae m., homo nigricolor (Eg. S.L. 61)

.ppl Freemason  Francomurarius, i m. (Eg. S.L. 54; Eg. R.A. 88)

.ppl Indian  (native habitant of the Americas)  Indus, i m. (Ducrue 222, 239: "nosto nauarcho, qui Indus erat Californicus"), Indus (Occidentalis v. Americāus), aborīgo (Americānus), autochton (Americānus) (Eg. D.L. 34: "authocthones, qui ea tenent loca et India solent appellari"; Eg. S.L. 20: "propter animos infestos et incursūs authocthonum advenae Norvegienses haud diu in regionibus illis manserunt")

.ppl Italian-American  Italamericanus, i m., Americanus origine Italus (cf. Eg. S.L. 7: "sunt autem maximam partem origine Scoti," of inhabitants of Falkland Islands)

.ppl native  subst. autochthōn, ōnis m. (Eg. D.L. 7)

.ppl Sikh  Siccha, ae m.  < Sikiensis, is m. (Eg. S.L. 82).  Non quadrat -ensis, cum vox de loci nomine non derivetur.  EB: "The word Sikh is derived from the Pali sikkha or Sanskrit sisya, meaning "disciple.'"

.ppl white  subst.  (person of white race, Caucasian)  homo albicolor, homo albi coloris (Eg. D.L. 38)

.prim bronze age  aetas aenea (cf. Ov. M. 1, 89: aetas aurea; Ov. M. 1, 125: "aenea proles")

.prim golden age  aetas aurea (Ov. M. 1, 89)

.prim iron age  aetas ferrea (Eg. R.A. 11; cf. Ov. M. 1, 89 and 127)

.prim megalith  ? megalolithus, i* m.

.prim monolith  moles monolitha (Eg. R.A. 99, of an obelisk)

.prim neolithic  neolithus, a, um*, neolithicus, a, um* (Eg. S.L. 100: "aetatis neolithicae")

.prim paleolithic  palaeolithicus, a, um*

.prim stone age  aetas saxea (cf. aetas aurea, Ov. M. 1, 89)  [see also neolithic, paleolithic]

.pun condemn to death  capite damnare (Eg. S.L. 37)

.pun gas chamber  cella vaporis letalis  < venenato cella gasii plena (Eg. S.L. 70)

.pun hang (as means of death)  (aliquem) suspendio necare (Eg. S.L. 70)

.pun life imprisonment  vincula sempiterna (Eg. S.L. 37);  sentence to life imprisonment  vinculis sempiternis mandare (Eg. S.L. 37)

.pun lynch  vb. Lynchiano more supplicium sumere (Eg. S.L. 69), Lynchiano more trucidare (Eg. S.L. 83)

.punc exclamation point  signum exclamationis (Pharm. Austr. xxii)

.punc period  (punctuation mark)  punctum, i n.

.rac ghetto  (hist.: neighborhood to which Jewish were restricted in European cities)  saeptum Iudaeorum (v. Iudaicum), vīcus Iudaeorum (v. Iudaicum), vīcus clausus Iudaeorum (Eg. R.A. 105);  (U.S.: neighborhood of low-income blacks or immigrants)  vīcus nigritarum (v. convenarum v. pauperum)  [see also slum]

.rac minority  minor diversae stirpis plebs (Eg. D.L. 13)

.rac race  (classification of humans)  stirps, is f. (Eg. D.L. 10)

.rac racism  invidia (v. odium) (in alienas gentes, in nigritas, in Iudaeos, etc.)  < odium phyleticum* (Eg. D.L. 23)

.rac segregation, apartheid  nigrītarum segregatio  < segregatio homninum coloratorum (Eg. S.L. 70)

.rac Semitic  Semiticus, a, um (Kopp 3: "modo ad litteratae scripturae familias cognatas, quarum stirpem Semiticam dicunt, spectent")

.rcrd album, disk, single

.rcrd speaker (stereo speaker, loudspeaker)  źchźa, orum (*) n. pl. (Vitr. 1, 1, 9 and 5, 5, 2 and 5, 5, 7 of metal sounding-plates used to amplify sound in theater; see Callebat Dict. 99; in modern sense: Lev.; Helf.), megalo­phō­num, i* n. (LRL; adjective megalofonoV, loud-sounding, is ancient Greek; cf. Mod. Gr. megafono, loudspeaker)  < LS: "źchźa, ōrum, n., vessels to increase the sound of the actors' voices in theatre, sounding-vessels, Vitr. 5, 5, 2 (1, 1, 9 written as Greek)."  Callebat Dict. 99: "caisse d'un instrument de musique; traduit par vasa aerea, il désigne les 'vases résonateurs.'"  Hilgers 177: echea are vasa aerea placed in theater for amplification of sound.  ||  Vitr. 1, 1, 9: "Item theatris vasa area ... quae Gracei echeia appellant, ad symphonias musicas sive concentūs componuntur ... uti vox scaenici ... aucta cum incremento clarior et suavior ad spectatorum perveniat aures."  Vitr. 5, 5, 7: "Cum autem ex solidis rebus theatra constituuntur, id est ex structura caementorum, lapide, marmore, quae sonare non possunt, tunc echeis hae rationes sunt explicandae.  Vitr. 5, 5, 8: "Multi etiam sollertes architecti, qui in oppidis non magnis theatra constituerunt, propter inopiam fictilibus doliis ita sonantibus electis hac ratiocinatione compositis perfecerunt utilissimos effectus."

.rel ecumenical  (of the entire Catholic Church)  oecūmenicus, a, um (esp. in phrase "concilium oecūmenicum");  (interfaith, promoting understanding and conversation between various faiths or denominations)  multarum (v. plurium v. diversarum) confessionum (v. sectarum) (gen. pl.), pluriconfessionalis, e*, qui ad confessiones (v. sectas) inter se conciliandas spectat, qui ad confessionum (v. sectarum) concordiam pertinet  < Oecumenicus (Eg. S.L. 10, of a meeting between Pope and Archbishop of Canterbury).  Concilium oecumenicum is one in which Roman Catholics from throughout the world participate, not one between representatives of various faiths.

.rel fundamentalist, fundamentalism

.rel pilgrim  sacer peregrīnātor, peregrīnātor religionis causā (Eg. R.A. 119)

.rel pilgrimage  sacra peregrīnatio (Eg. R.A. 106), peregrīnātio religionis erga (Erasmus)

.rel pray (religious)  (Deum v. Dominum) orare, Deum (v. Dominum) invocare, preces fundere (Eg. D.L. 33)

.rel save (eccl.)  salvāre (Vulg.; Hier.; Eg. L.D.I. 117)

.rel savior (eccl.)  salvātor, ōris (Vulg.; Aug.; Eg. L.D.I. 117)

.rev assassin  sicarius, i m. (Eg. D.L. 7)

.rev coup d'état  subitanea rerum publicarum commutatio (Eg. D.L. 58), subitanea rerum conversio (Eg. S.L. 21), subitanea rerum mutatio (Eg. S.L. 60)

.rev demonstrate, engage in public protest  dissensionem demonstrare (Eg. S.L. 72); cf. concursum facere (Eg. S.L. 72: "nonnulli Libyes, dominationi tribuni militum Muammar Al-Ghedafi adversantes ... conglobati sunt ut dissensionem pacifice demonstrarent ... quo factum ut undecim Libyes, maximam partem scholastici, qui fecerant concursum, acciperent vulnere")

.rev demonstration, public protest  populi concursus (Ducrue 236: "ad evitandum populi concursum," on expulsion of the Jesuits)

.rev guerilla  bellator tectus (Eg. D.L. 48);  guerilla warfare  bellum tectum (Eg. D.L. 55)

.rev hijack (an airplane)  (aėronavem) vi abducere (Eg. D.L. 30)

.rev hijacker  pirata aėrius (Eg. D.L. 30: "piraticam aeriam"), praedo aėrius (Eg. S.L. 42)

.rev militant, rebel

.rev overturn  (political)  evertere (Eg. S.L. 30: "conglobati quidam milites ... rei publicae illius moderaturm everterunt")

.rev revolutionary, rebellious  seditiosus, a, um (Eg. D.L. 26), rerum evertendarum studiosus (Eg. D.L. 35), cupidus rerum commutandarum (Eg. S.L. 37)

.rev suicide bomber  tromocrata* sui interemptor (Eg. S.L. 59; cf. Eg. S.L. 109: "audaces manūs horum tromocratarum eo sunt periculosiores, quod ii sunt voluntarii sui interemptores, id est parati mortem sponte obire, quos sermone Iaponico kamikaze appellant")

.rev terrorist  tromocrata, ae* m. (Eg. D.L. 23);  terrorist attack  tromocratarum* ausus (Eg. D.L. 24)

.room bedroom  cubiculum (dormītōrium), dormītōrium, i n. (Plin. Ep.)

.room closet  cellula vestiaria

.room dining room for everyday use  triclinium cottidianum (Vitr. 6, 7, 2)

.room guest room  hospitale, is n. (Vitr. 6, 7, 4)

.room hallway, corridor, passageway  iter, itineris n. (Vitr. 6, 7, 1: "Graeci ... ab ianua introeuntibus itinera faciunt," tr. M.H. Morgan: "make passage-ways for people entering from the front door"; see Callebat Dict. 150, citing 11 uses of iter in this sense in Vitr.), andron, ōnis m. (Vitr. 6, 7, 5; Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 22: "interiacens andron parietem cubiculi hortique distinguit atque ita omnem sonum mediā inanitate consumit"; Eg. S.L. 86; Eg. R.A. 143)  < For Vitruvius iter appears to be the ordinary and general term for a corridor or passageway, andron (which he uses only once) a special sort of passage corresponding to the the Greek mesauloV.  Vitr. 6, 7, 5: "Inter duo autem peristylia et hospitalia, itinera sunt, quae mesauloe dicuntur, quod inter duas aulas media sunt interposita; nostri autem eas andronas appellant.  Sed hoc valde est mirandum, nec enim graece nec latine potest id convenire.  Graeci enim andronas appellant oecus ubi convivia virilia solent esse, quod eo mulieres non accedunt." 

.room living room  exedrium, i n. (Cic.), oecus, i m. (Vitr.; Plin.), ? mediānum, i n. (Ulp., Dig. 9, 3, 5; Itala Luc. 22, 12; see PW Suppl. VI 386, ll. 30 et seq.)  < The word medianum was used in later antiquity (twice only, apparently) of a central room shared by a group of tenants on the same floor; it would thus be particularly appropriate of a living area shared by a group of roommates sharing an apartment.  ||  Ulp., Dig. 9, 3, 5: "Oportebit praetorem dare actionem in eum, ex cuius cubiculo vel exedra deiectum est, licet plures in eodem cenaculo habitent; quodsi ex mediano cenaculi quid deiectum sit, verius est omnes teneri."  Trans. Alan Watson (The Digest of Justinian): "Occasionally, however, provided it can be done without injustice to the plaintiff, the praetor acting in fairness ought rather to grant the action against the person from whose bedroom or sleeping quarters the thing was thrown, even though a number of people share the same lodging.  But if something is thrown from the middle of a lodging house, the better view is that all are liable."  ||  Forc. s.v. medianus: "Medianum ... absolute, substantivorum more, est media pars ... [affert locum Ulpani]  Al. leg. menianum."  ||  ThLL s.v. medianus, col. 525, ll. 23 et seq.: "nota de medio habitaculo, quod compluribus unam habitationem un privata domo in commune conducentibus pro communi cenaculo erat (cf. Herdlitczka, RE Suppl. VI 386, 30): Ulp dig 9, 3, 5, 2 quod si ex -o (F, apo tou mesou Bas.; cenaculi vel cenaculo add. cett.; 'al. meniano' Dirksen s.v.) quid deiectum, ... omnes teneri.  inde de cenaculo in deversorio publico: Itala Luc. 22, 12 (cod. a) ipse vobis ostendet maedianum stratum magnum (anagaion; cenaculum Vulg.  Gloss. media[ma]n[u]um andrewn).  cf. Marc. 14, 15 (cod. a) ill vobis ostendet locum -um stratum in superioribus magnum (gr. et Vulg. ut supra).  ||  PW loc. cit. ll. 30 et seq.: "With poorer people it could happen several would lodge in the same room, or that several would rent an apartment [Wohnung] together, Dig. 9, 3, 1, 10, which they could if needed divide up by rooms, the 'medianum,' or middle room, remaining common to provide access, Dig. 9, 3, 5, 2."  ||  OLD s.v. medianus: "the central part, middle" [affertur locus Ulpani] ||  Souter appears to be mistaken in defining medianum as a "dining room"; he perhaps misunderstood "cenaculum" in Ulpian as "dining room" (the etymological meaning, very rare) rather than "upper floor."  ||  LS non recte sellāria per "sitting room," ut videtur, interpretatur; vide OLD, cuius finitiones s.v. toilet attuli.

.rstr bar  taberna pōtōria, caupōna, ae f.;  (primarily for drinking beer)  taberna cervisiaria, zythopolium, i* n.  < Thermopolium (Eg. L.D.I. 106) should logically apply to a place where hot drinks are taken, a café or tea-shop.  Caupōna in the classical period is an inn; in later antiquity it often refers to a tavern for drinking (cite). 

.rstr café  thermopōlium, i n. (Plaut.; Eg. Eg. S.L. 40; Eg. L.D.I. 106), taberna cafeāria*

.rstr menu  index escarum (Eg. L.D.I. 83), index ciborum, index escarius

.rstr restaurant  popīna, ae f.  < caupona, ae f. (Eg. S.L. 77)

.rstr tip  ? pretiolum, i n., corollarium, i n., auctarium, i n.

.schl assignment  pensum (scholasticum)

.schl class  (a meeting of students with teacher)  schola, ae f. (Eg. L.D.I. 5: "scholis, quas minus Latine lectiones vel praelectiones appellant"), lectio, onis f. (Gauss VI, 49, of math course), praelectio, onis f. (Gauss VI, 37, of math course), auditio, onis f. [see also seminar];  (a series of such meetings, a course)  cursus acadźmicus (v. schōlasticus), scholae, arum f. p